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Prochirality02:05

Prochirality

5.3K
The concept of prochirality leads to the nomenclature of the individual faces of a molecule and plays a crucial role in the enantioselective reaction. It is a concept where two or more achiral molecules react to produce chiral products. A typical process is the reaction of an achiral ketone to generate a chiral alcohol. Here, the achiral reactant reacts with an achiral reducing agent, sodium borohydride, to generate an equimolar mixture of the chiral enantiomers of the product. For example, an...
5.3K
Radicals: Electronic Structure and Geometry01:07

Radicals: Electronic Structure and Geometry

5.3K
This lesson delves into the geometry of a radical, which is influenced by the electronic structure of the molecule. The principle is similar to that of a lone pair, where the unpaired electron influences the geometry at the radical center.
Accordingly, the structure of a trivalent radical lies between the geometries of carbocations and carbanions. An sp2-hybridized carbocation is trigonal planar, while an sp3-hybridized carbanion is trigonal pyramidal. Here, the difference in geometry is...
5.3K
Chirality at Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Sulfur02:30

Chirality at Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Sulfur

7.3K
Chirality is most prevalent in carbon-based tetrahedral compounds, but this important facet of molecular symmetry extends to sp3-hybridized nitrogen, phosphorus and sulfur centers, including trivalent molecules with lone pairs. Here, the lone pair behaves as a functional group in addition to the other three substituents to form an analogous tetrahedral center that can be chiral.
A consequence of chirality is the need for enantiomeric resolution. While this is theoretically possible for all...
7.3K
Molecules with Multiple Chiral Centers02:25

Molecules with Multiple Chiral Centers

16.3K
Molecules that possess multiple chiral centers can afford a large number of stereoisomers. For instance, while some molecules like 2-butanol have one chiral center, defined as a tetrahedral carbon atom with four different substituents attached, several molecules like butane-2,3-diol have multiple chiral centers. A simple formula to predict the number of stereoisomers possible for a molecule with n chiral centers is 2n. However, there can be a lower number where some of the stereoisomers are...
16.3K
Stereoisomerism02:52

Stereoisomerism

14.5K
Isomerism in Complexes
Isomers are different chemical species that have the same chemical formula.
Transition metal complexes often exist as geometric isomers, in which the same atoms are connected through the same types of bonds but with differences in their orientation in space. Coordination complexes with two different ligands in the cis and trans positions from a ligand of interest form isomers. For example, the octahedral [Co(NH3)4Cl2]+ ion has two isomers (Figure 1) In the cis...
14.5K
Naming Enantiomers02:21

Naming Enantiomers

27.6K
The naming of enantiomers employs the Cahn–Ingold–Prelog rules that involve assigning priorities to different substituent groups at a chiral center. Each enantiomer, being a distinct molecule, is assigned a unique name by the Cahn–Ingold–Prelog (CIP) rules, also called the R–S system. The prefix R- or S- attached to the chiral centers in an enantiomer is dependent on the spatial arrangement of the four substituents on the chiral center. The R–S system essentially comprises three...
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Construction and Systematical Symmetric Studies of a Series of Supramolecular Clusters with Binary or Ternary Ammonium Triphenylacetates
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Construction and Systematical Symmetric Studies of a Series of Supramolecular Clusters with Binary or Ternary Ammonium Triphenylacetates

Published on: February 15, 2016

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キラル・レドックス・アクティブ・イソセール・トライアングル

Siva Krishna Mohan Nalluri1, Zhichang Liu1, Yilei Wu1

  • 1Department of Chemistry and ‡Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center, Northwestern University , 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|April 13, 2016
PubMed
まとめ
この要約は機械生成です。

研究者らは,エネルギー貯蔵のためのピロメリチウム二酸化物 (PMDI) とナフタリン二酸化物 (NDI) 単位から固いキラルトライアングルを開発した. これらの材料は,ユニークなスタッキングと電子共有を行い,有機リチウムイオン充電電池の性能を向上させ,NDIの含有量を増加させます.

さらに関連する動画

Line Shape Analysis of Dynamic NMR Spectra for Characterizing Coordination Sphere Rearrangements at a Chiral Rhenium Polyhydride Complex
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Line Shape Analysis of Dynamic NMR Spectra for Characterizing Coordination Sphere Rearrangements at a Chiral Rhenium Polyhydride Complex

Published on: July 27, 2022

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Isolating Free Carbenes, their Mixed Dimers and Organic Radicals
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Isolating Free Carbenes, their Mixed Dimers and Organic Radicals

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関連する実験動画

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Construction and Systematical Symmetric Studies of a Series of Supramolecular Clusters with Binary or Ternary Ammonium Triphenylacetates
06:35

Construction and Systematical Symmetric Studies of a Series of Supramolecular Clusters with Binary or Ternary Ammonium Triphenylacetates

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Line Shape Analysis of Dynamic NMR Spectra for Characterizing Coordination Sphere Rearrangements at a Chiral Rhenium Polyhydride Complex
10:52

Line Shape Analysis of Dynamic NMR Spectra for Characterizing Coordination Sphere Rearrangements at a Chiral Rhenium Polyhydride Complex

Published on: July 27, 2022

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Isolating Free Carbenes, their Mixed Dimers and Organic Radicals
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Isolating Free Carbenes, their Mixed Dimers and Organic Radicals

Published on: April 19, 2019

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科学分野:

  • 材料科学
  • 有機化学
  • 電気化学
  • エネルギー貯蔵

背景:

  • 小分子有機酸化還元活性物質は,先進的なエネルギー貯蔵アプリケーションに不可欠です.
  • 電子特性を合わせた 新しい分子構造を設計することは 継続的な課題です
  • 以前の研究は,同じ酸化還元単位を持つ等辺三角形に焦点を当てていた.

研究 の 目的:

  • 非同一のピロメリチス・ダイミド (PMDI) とナフタリン・ダイミド (NDI) のリドックス単位から成る新しい硬直のキラル等三角形を合成し,特徴づけること.
  • これらの新しい材料の固体構造,電子特性,および超分子組成を調査する.
  • オーガニック充電リチウムイオン電池の電極活性材料としての性能を評価する.

主な方法:

  • NMRと単結晶X線微分を用いた合成と特徴付け.
  • サイクル電圧測定による電気化学分析
  • 電子パラマグネティック共振 (EPR) と電子核二重共振 (ENDOR) のスペクトロスコーピーは,DFT計算によってサポートされます.

主要な成果:

  • C2対称性と三角形のプリズマのような幾何学を持つ2つの固いキラル等三角形が成功裏に合成されました.
  • 等辺三角形とは異なり,これらの等辺三角形は,対極ヘリシティを持つ特定のNDI-NDIとNDI-PMDIの π-π スタックディマーを形成した.
  • 材料は反転可能な多電子受容 (最大6電子) を示し,ペア化されていない電子は選択的にNDIサブユニット間で共有されました.
  • リチウムイオン電池の電気化学性能の改善と相関する分子構造のNDI含有量の増加.

結論:

  • PMDIとNDIに基づいた固いキラル等三角形は,有機電池のための有望な酸化還元活性材料です.
  • 分子設計,特にNDIとPMDIの比率は,固体包装と電気化学性能に大きな影響を与えます.
  • これらの発見は,次世代の有機エネルギー貯蔵材料の開発に有用な構造-特性関係を提供します.