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Updated: May 3, 2026

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Isolation of Leukocytes from the Human Maternal-fetal Interface
Published on: May 21, 2015
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生殖,母体,新生児,子供の健康:疾病管理の優先事項の重要なメッセージ 第3版
Robert E Black1, Carol Levin2, Neff Walker1
1Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Lancet (London, England)
|April 14, 2016
まとめ
生殖,母体,新生児,子供の健康に関する重要な介入を拡大することで,世界的に死亡率と死産率を大幅に減らすことができます. 家族計画を含むこれらの費用対効果の高い対策への投資は 健康に重大な利益をもたらし 予防可能な数百万人の死亡を防ぐことができます
科学分野:
- 公衆衛生
- 世界保健
- 生殖 健康
背景:
- 世界銀行の疾病管理優先事項第3版には,生殖,母,新生児,子供の健康 (RMNCH) に関する巻が含まれています.
- この巻は,母親,新生児,幼児の死亡,死産を減らすために必要不可欠な,費用対効果の高い医療介入を特定しています.
- 予防と治療の介入を統合した 介護の連続的なアプローチが不可欠であると認識されています
研究 の 目的:
- RMNCHの主要研究結果をまとめます
- 重要なRMNCHの介入を拡大する影響とコストを推定する.
- 妊娠とそれに関連する死亡率の減少に対する 拡張された避妊サービスの効果を分析する.
主な方法:
- 疾病管理優先事項第3版のRMNCHに関する調査結果のレビュー.
- 統合されたRMNCH介入を90%まで拡大することで死亡率の減少を推定する.
- 避妊の未充足の90%を満たすことで死亡率の計算を回避した.
主要な成果:
- RMNCHの介入を90%まで拡大すれば 14万9千人の妊産婦の死亡, 84万9千人の死産, 150万人の新生児の死亡, 150万人の幼児の死亡を防ぐことができます.
- 避妊薬の需要の90%を満たすことで 6万7千人の妊婦,44万人の新生児,47万3千人の幼児の死亡,56万4千人の死産を防ぐことができます.
- 主な効果的な介入には,労働と出産の管理,早産のケア,感染症の治療,急性栄養失調の管理が含まれています.
結論:
- 重要なRMNCHの介入を即座に拡大するには,低所得国や中所得国への年次投資が必要となります.
- サービス提供,タスクシフト,インセンティブの革新は,アクセシビリティと品質のギャップを解決するために不可欠です.
- 女性の地位のような社会的な決定因子に対処する一方で,RMNCHの介入の優先順位と拡大を継続すれば,一世代以内に避けられる死亡を大幅に排除できます.
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