血液形成幹細胞のための血管ニッチの年齢依存的調節
Anjali P Kusumbe1, Saravana K Ramasamy1, Tomer Itkin2
1Max-Planck-Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Department of Tissue Morphogenesis, and University of Münster, Faculty of Medicine, D-48149 Münster, Germany.
Nature
|April 14, 2016
まとめ
血管細胞のノッチ信号を活性化すると,骨の造血幹細胞のニッチが広がります. この経路は老いた骨格血管のニッチを再生し,幹細胞の調節におけるその重要性を強調しています.
科学分野:
- 骨格生物学
- 血管生物学
- 幹細胞のニッチ
背景:
- 血管は骨格の微小環境,骨創生,血液形成幹細胞 (HSC) のニッチにとって重要です.
- ニッチを形成する容器の特徴と年齢による変化は完全に理解されていません.
研究 の 目的:
- HSCのニッチ拡大における内皮細胞におけるノッチシグナル伝達の役割を調査する.
- 血管ニッチ機能に対する内皮低酸素誘導因子 (HIF) 信号の影響を決定する.
- 骨格血管の衰えを回復する可能性を評価する.
主な方法:
- 内皮細胞におけるノッチおよびHIF信号伝達経路を研究するためにマウスモデルを使用した.
- CD31陽性毛細血管,PDGFRβ陽性周血管細胞,動脈小管形成,幹細胞因子レベルの変化を分析した.
- HSCのニッチ機能と年老いたマウスの血管特性を評価した.
主要な成果:
- 内皮ノッチシグナリングは,HSCのニッチ拡張を促進し,毛細血管,PDGFRβ陽性細胞,動脈細胞,幹細胞因子を増加させます.
- 内皮のHIFシグナリングは,これらの変化を部分的に誘導しますが,動脈化とPDGFRβ細胞の拡張が欠如しているため,ニッチ機能を高めるのに失敗します.
- 骨格の血管のニッチは老いたマウスでは減少するが,内皮のNotchシグナリングを活性化することによって回復することができる.
結論:
- 内皮細胞におけるノッチ・シグナリングは,骨髄におけるHSCのニッチサイズと機能の重要な調節因子である.
- 血管のニッチは複雑で年齢に依存する微小環境であり,様々な細胞タイプと血管サブタイプが含まれています.
- 内皮のノッチ・シグナリングをターゲットにすることで,老いた骨格幹細胞のニッチを若返らせる戦略が生まれます.
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