軟骨の発達のための遺伝プログラムは,ビラテリア内で深いホモロジーを持っています
Oscar A Tarazona1,2, Leslie A Slota3, Davys H Lopez3
1Howard Hughes Medical Institute, UF Genetics Institute, University of Florida, PO Box 103610, Gainesville, Florida 32610, USA.
Nature
|April 26, 2016
まとめ
この研究は,軟骨の発達の遺伝的基盤が古代のものであり,Bilateriaの共通の祖先で進化したことを示しています. この深いホモロジーは様々な動物集団における軟骨の並行進化を説明します
科学分野:
- 進化生物学
- 発達生物学
- 比較ゲノミクス
背景:
- コンドロサイトのような細胞の進化は 動物の多様化と脊椎動物の内骨格にとって極めて重要でした
- 脊椎動物の軟骨と他の動物群の類似組織との関係は不明である.
研究 の 目的:
- バイラテリアにおける軟骨発達の進化的起源と保存を調査する.
- プロトストームとデュテロストームの共通の祖先に深い進化の歴史があるかどうかを判断する.
主な方法:
- プロトストームとデュテロストームにおける軟骨の構造と化学的性質の比較分析.
- コンドロゲネシスの保存信号経路 (ヘッジホッグ,β-カタニン) と転写因子 (SoxE,SoxD) を調査した.
- クラードA線維コラーゲン (ColA) 遺伝子の調節を調べた.
主要な成果:
- プロトストームとデュテロストームの軟骨は,構造的および化学的な特徴を共有しています.
- 先祖細胞誘導とコンドロサイト分化を含む主要な発達メカニズムは保存されます.
- SoxEとSoxDの転写因子は,軟骨形成におけるColA遺伝子発現を調節する.
結論:
- コンドロゲン遺伝子の規制ネットワークは,ビラテリアの共通の祖先で進化し,深い同質性を示した.
- この古代の遺伝ネットワークは,エクディゾゾア,ロフォトロコゾア,デウテロストミアにおける軟骨組織の平行進化の基礎となっている.
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