夜勤の輪廻労働と女性の冠動脈疾患のリスクとの関連

Céline Vetter¹, Elizabeth E Devore¹, Lani R Wegrzyn²

¹Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.

JAMA

|April 27, 2016

まとめ

交代的な夜勤労働は,女性の冠動脈疾患 (CHD) のリスクのわずかな,しかし顕著な増加と関連しています. 女性が夜勤をやめると心臓病のリスクは減少した.

科学分野:

心血管の健康
労働衛生について
流行病学について

背景:

シフトワークと冠動脈疾患 (CHD) に関する見通し調査は矛盾した結果をもたらした.
以前の研究は短い追跡期間で制限され,長期の研究が必要でした.

研究の目的:

交代的な夜勤労働と冠動脈疾患 (CHD) の発症リスクとの関連を調査する.

主な方法:

看護師の健康研究 (NHSとNHS2) の最初は健康な189158人の女性を対象とした前向きなコホート研究.
参加者は24年間追跡され,生涯にわたる交代的な夜勤労働歴は,基値で評価され,定期的に更新されました.
発症した冠動脈疾患 (CHD) は,心筋梗塞,CHDによる死亡,再血管化の手順など,細かく記録された.

主要な成果:

2つのコホートで24年間で10,822件のCHD症例が記録されました.
多変数調整モデルでは,交代夜勤の年数が増加すると,心血管疾患のリスクが著しく高まった.
シフト勤務の期間とCHDのリスクとの関連は,夜勤の終了後に減少し,夜勤の終了後より長い時間がリスクの減少と関連しているように見えた.

結論:

交代的なナイトシフト勤務の長さは,女性看護師の間で統計的に有意な,しかし小さな,絶対的なCHDリスクの増加と関連していました.
この関連に寄与する特定の労働時間と個々の特徴を明らかにするために,さらなる研究が必要である.

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