トランスフォビアの持続的減少:ドアツードア調査に関するフィールド実験
David Broockman1, Joshua Kalla2
1Graduate School of Business, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA. dbroockman@stanford.edu.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|April 29, 2016
まとめ
共感を促す短い会話は トランスフォービアを数ヶ月間 大幅に軽減します 偏見と闘うための強力なツールです 偏見と闘うための強力なツールです
科学分野:
- 社会心理学
- グループ間関係
- 態度 の 変化
背景:
- 集団間の偏見は しばしば深く根付いており 変化に抵抗すると考えられています
- 既存の介入は,通常,持続的な偏見の削減を達成するために,かなりの時間と資源を必要とします.
- トランスフォビアは 偏見の他の形態を減らす社会的進歩にもかかわらず 蔓延している問題です
研究 の 目的:
- トランスジェンダーに対する偏見を減らすための 短期的な"セッションの視点の介入の有効性を調査する.
- 損害軽減効果の持続時間を決定する.
- 非差別政策への支援への介入の影響を評価する.
主な方法:
- フロリダ州南部でドアツードア調査が行われました.
- 56人の調査員が501人の有権者に約10分の会話をして 積極的な視点の捉え方を促しました
- トランスフォビアと政策支援に対する介入の影響を評価するために,ランダム化試験の設計が採用されました.
主要な成果:
- 投票者の間で トランスフォビアを大幅に減少させました
- トランスフォビアの減少は,米国における15年間の平均的なホモフォビアの減少を上回りました.
- 効果は少なくとも3ヶ月間持続し,トランスジェンダーとトランスジェンダーでない両方が同じように効果的でした.
- 投票者が反論に晒されても 差別禁止法に対する支持は高まった.
結論:
- 集団間の偏見を減らすのに 非常に効果的な方法です 集団間の偏見を減らすのに 非常に効果的な方法です
- この介入は,トランスフォビアと闘い,社会的な受け入れを促進するための 拡張性のある持続可能なアプローチを示しています.
- この発見は 根深い偏見は 意義ある変化のために 集中的で長期的な介入を必要とするという考えに 異議を唱えるものです
関連する概念動画
01:52Persuasion Strategies
43.9K
Researchers have tested many persuasion strategies, including the foot-in-the door and the door-in-the-face techniques, in a variety of contexts. Ultimately, the principles are effective in selling products and changing people’s attitude, ideas, and behaviors (Cialdini & Goldstein, 2004).
43.9K
02:09Bystander Effect
10.4K
The discussion of bullying highlights the problem of witnesses not intervening to help a victim. This is a common occurrence, as the following well-publicized event demonstrates. In 1964, in Queens, New York, a 19-year-old woman named Kitty Genovese was attacked by a person with a knife near the back entrance to her apartment building and again in the hallway inside her apartment building. When the attack occurred, she screamed for help numerous times and eventually died from her stab wounds.
10.4K
02:55Stereotypes, Prejudice, and Discrimination
95.9K
Humans are very diverse and although we share many similarities, we also have many differences. The social groups we belong to help form our identities (Tajfel, 1974). These differences may be difficult for some people to reconcile, which may lead to prejudice toward people who are different. Prejudice is a negative attitude and feeling toward an individual based solely on one’s membership in a particular social group (Allport, 1954; Brown, 2010). Prejudice is common against people who...
95.9K
02:16Surveys
17.2K
Often, psychologists develop surveys as a means of gathering data. Surveys are lists of questions to be answered by research participants, and can be delivered as paper-and-pencil questionnaires, administered electronically, or conducted verbally. Generally, the survey itself can be completed in a short time, and the ease of administering a survey makes it easy to collect data from a large number of people.
17.2K
01:20Desensitization and Tachyphylaxis
3.3K
Tachyphylaxis is described as a rapid decrease in response to a drug after repeated or continuous administration of the same drug dose. It is a phenomenon where the body becomes less responsive to a particular substance or intervention over time, requiring higher doses or stronger interventions to achieve the same effect. It results from adaptive changes in the body's receptors, signaling pathways, or physiological processes that occur in response to prolonged exposure to a stimulus.
3.3K
01:31Confirmation Biases
8.5K
The confirmation bias is the tendency to focus on information that confirms our existing beliefs and ignore information that is inconsistent with our expectations. For example, if you think that your professor is not very nice, you notice all of the instances of rude behavior exhibited by the professor while ignoring the countless pleasant interactions he is involved in on a daily basis. Have you ever fallen prey to the confirmation bias, either as the source or target of such bias?
8.5K