抗生物質の使用と正常な微生物群への影響
1Division of Translational Medicine, Department of Medicine, New York University Langone Medical Center (NYULMC), New York, NY 10016, USA. Department of Microbiology, NYULMC, New York, NY 10016, USA. Department of Veterans Affairs New York Harbor Medical Center, New York, NY 10010, USA.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|April 30, 2016
まとめ
抗生物質は感染を治療し 感染拡大を防ぐことで 個人の健康とコミュニティの両方に 影響を及ぼします しかし 耐性を高め 身体の有益な微生物群を害し 個人の健康にも影響を及ぼします
科学分野:
- 微生物学
- 薬理学について
- 公衆衛生
背景:
- 抗感染薬 特に抗生物質は 個人の患者と 幅広いコミュニティの両方に 独特の影響を及ぼします
- その使用は 感染症の拡散を含む公衆衛生上の考慮事項と 個人の健康上の利益が交差しています
- 抗生物質耐性は 深刻な感染症の治療選択肢をますます制限しています
研究 の 目的:
- 抗生物質の使用の多面的な影響を解明する.
- 抗生物質の作用の"第4の側面"を 強調するためです 人間の微生物群への付随的ダメージです
- 生命の初期に 微生物群の重要性を強調するためです
主な方法:
- 抗生物質効果の概念的分析
- 抗生物質に関する過去と最近の科学的理解の見直し
- 抗生物質の影響に対する"四刃の剣"のアナロジーについての議論.
主要な成果:
- 抗生物質は感染と闘うことで 個人やコミュニティに利益をもたらします
- 抗生物質耐性は公衆衛生に重大な脅威をもたらしています
- 抗生物質は宿主微生物群に付随的なダメージを与え 個人の健康に悪影響を及ぼします
結論:
- 抗生物質の完全な影響は 個人の治療,コミュニティの健康,耐性開発,微生物群の破壊を含みます.
- 微生物群に対する 抗生物質の作用の"第4の境界"を理解することは 総合的な健康戦略にとって 極めて重要です
- 健康に不可欠な微生物群との共生関係は 発達初期に特に敏感で 抗生物質によるダメージを受けやすいのです
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