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関連する概念動画

Nucleosome Remodeling02:54

Nucleosome Remodeling

11.6K
Nucleosomes are the basic units of chromatin compaction. Each nucleosome consists of the DNA bound tightly around a histone core, which makes the DNA inaccessible to DNA binding proteins such as DNA polymerase and RNA polymerase. Hence, the fundamental problem is to ensure access to DNA when appropriate, despite the compact and protective chromatin structure.
Nucleosome remodeling complex
Eukaryotic cells have specialized enzymes called ATP-dependent nucleosome remodeling enzymes. These enzymes...
11.6K
Histone Modification02:32

Histone Modification

17.0K
The histone proteins have a flexible N-terminal tail extending out from the nucleosome. These histone tails are often subjected to post-translational modifications such as acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination. Particular combinations of these modifications form “histone codes” that influence the chromatin folding and tissue-specific gene expression.
Acetylation
The enzyme histone acetyltransferase adds acetyl group to the histones. Another enzyme, histone...
17.0K
The Nucleosome01:19

The Nucleosome

4.7K
Human DNA is almost two meters long. However, it is compressed inside a tiny nucleus measuring only a few microns in diameter. To make this degree of compaction possible, DNA is organized into several sequential levels so that it can fit into such a tiny space. The most compact form of DNA is a chromosome that can be seen under a microscope in a dividing cell.
In a chromosome, DNA is wound twice around a protein complex called a histone octamer core, which consists of 8 histone proteins. This...
4.7K
The Nucleosome02:33

The Nucleosome

19.6K
DNA in a human cell is almost 2m long and it is packed inside a tiny nucleus that is only a few microns in diameter. The level of compaction of DNA inside the nucleus is astonishing. It is organized into several sequentially higher levels of compaction to fit into such a tiny space. The most compact form of DNA is a chromosome that can be seen under a microscope in a dividing cell.
DNA is wound twice around a protein complex called histone core, that consist of 8 histone proteins. This complex...
19.6K
The Nucleosome Core Particle02:10

The Nucleosome Core Particle

15.1K
Nucleosomes are the DNA-histone complex, where the DNA strand is wound around the histone core. The histone core is an octamer containing two copies of H2A, H2B, H3, and H4 histone proteins.
The paradox
Nucleosomes, paradoxically, perform two opposite functions simultaneously. On the one hand, their main responsibility is to protect the delicate DNA strands from physical damage and help achieve a higher compaction ratio. While on the other hand, they must allow polymerase enzymes to access DNA...
15.1K
The Nucleosome Core Particle01:12

The Nucleosome Core Particle

2.6K
Nucleosomes are the DNA-histone complex, where the DNA strand is wound around the histone core. The histone core is an octamer containing two copies of H2A, H2B, H3, and H4 histone proteins.
Nucleosomes, paradoxically, perform two opposite functions simultaneously. On the one hand, their primary aim is to protect the delicate DNA strands from physical damage and help achieve a higher compaction ratio. On the other hand, they must allow polymerase enzymes to access histone-bound DNA during...
2.6K

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Author Spotlight: Efficient Nucleosome Reconstitution for Single-Molecule Techniques
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Author Spotlight: Efficient Nucleosome Reconstitution for Single-Molecule Techniques

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複合的に改変された核細胞の単分子解読

Efrat Shema1, Daniel Jones2, Noam Shoresh3

  • 1Department of Pathology and Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA. Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|May 7, 2016
PubMed
まとめ
この要約は機械生成です。

新しい単一分子イメージングは,核細胞のヒストンの改変を解読し,細胞の効能と表遺伝子調節に関連した異なる状態を明らかにします. この技術はクロマチンの生物学研究を 進歩させています

さらに関連する動画

Deciphering Molecular Mechanism of Histone Assembly by DNA Curtain Technique
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Deciphering Molecular Mechanism of Histone Assembly by DNA Curtain Technique

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The ChroP Approach Combines ChIP and Mass Spectrometry to Dissect Locus-specific Proteomic Landscapes of Chromatin
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The ChroP Approach Combines ChIP and Mass Spectrometry to Dissect Locus-specific Proteomic Landscapes of Chromatin

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関連する実験動画

Last Updated: Mar 21, 2026

Author Spotlight: Efficient Nucleosome Reconstitution for Single-Molecule Techniques
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Author Spotlight: Efficient Nucleosome Reconstitution for Single-Molecule Techniques

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Deciphering Molecular Mechanism of Histone Assembly by DNA Curtain Technique
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Deciphering Molecular Mechanism of Histone Assembly by DNA Curtain Technique

Published on: March 9, 2022

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The ChroP Approach Combines ChIP and Mass Spectrometry to Dissect Locus-specific Proteomic Landscapes of Chromatin
24:02

The ChroP Approach Combines ChIP and Mass Spectrometry to Dissect Locus-specific Proteomic Landscapes of Chromatin

Published on: April 11, 2014

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科学分野:

  • クロマチン生物学
  • エピジェネティクス
  • 分子イメージング

背景:

  • ヒストンの改変の組み合わせは遺伝子発現を制御するが,現在の技術では研究が困難である.
  • これらの組み合わせ状態を理解することは,表遺伝的調節と細胞の分化を解読するために不可欠です.

研究 の 目的:

  • 単一分子イメージング技術を開発し,個々の核細胞の組み合わせヒストンの修正をデコードする.
  • これらの改変状態が多能性細胞と系統にコミットした細胞間でどのように変化するかを調査する.
  • 遺伝的および化学的な乱れが特定の核細胞変異状態に与える影響を評価する.

主な方法:

  • 核細胞の単一分子画像を 高通量で撮影する.
  • 幹細胞と分化細胞から数百万個の核細胞を分析した.
  • タンパク質解析と単一分子DNA配列の統合

主要な成果:

  • 双価核分裂体 (抑制および活性化マーク) および他の組み合わせ状態の識別.
  • これらの状態の流行が発達能力と相関していることを示す.
  • クロマチン酵素の乱れが,定義された変異状態を持つ核細胞に特異的に影響する証拠.

結論:

  • 開発された単一分子画像プラットフォームは,組み合わせヒストンの修正を効果的に解読します.
  • この技術は 細胞発達の過程における 表遺伝子調節とクロマチンのダイナミクスに関する 新しい洞察を提供します
  • このプラットフォームは,クロマチンの生物学の根本的な問題に取り組むための大きな可能性を秘めています.