母親のIgGとIgA抗体は,生命の初期に湿った粘膜Tヘルパー細胞の反応を阻害する
Meghan A Koch1, Gabrielle L Reiner1, Kyler A Lugo1
1Division of Immunology & Pathogenesis, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley CA, 94720, USA.
Cell
|May 7, 2016
まとめ
腸内微生物に対する 母親のIgG抗体は 驚くほど 乳児の免疫反応を抑制します このトール型受容体依存メカニズムはT細胞の活性化を制限し,乳児の腸内微生物群と免疫システムの発達を形作ります.
科学分野:
- 免疫学
- 微生物群の研究
- 母親と胎児の免疫
背景:
- 宿主と腸内微生物間の共生関係を維持するには,共生抗原に対する適切な粘膜T細胞反応が必要です.
- マウスは母体から免疫グロブリンG (IgG) と免疫グロブリンA (IgA) を獲得する. IgGは主に病原体に対する受動的免疫と関連しており,IgAは宿主との共生関係を媒介する.
研究 の 目的:
- 腸内微生物群に対する乳児の免疫反応の形成における母親の抗体移転の役割とメカニズムを調査する.
- 宿主と微生物の相互作用の文脈で,母親のIgGの新しい機能を明らかにする.
主な方法:
- 腸内微生物群に対するマウスの抗体生成の分析
- T細胞独立およびトール型受容体 (TLR) 依存の免疫反応の評価
- 新生児における粘膜のT葉片および生殖中心のB細胞反応に対する母性抗体の影響の評価.
主要な成果:
- マウスは腸内微生物群に対するT細胞独立性およびTLR依存性IgG2bおよびIgG3抗体反応を生成する.
- 出産後,母体によるこれらの特定のIgG抗体の獲得は,粘膜のT卵泡ヘルパー細胞の反応を著しく抑制する.
- 新生児の生殖中心のB細胞の反応も,これらの母体から得られた抗体によって抑制されます.
結論:
- T細胞独立のTLR依存抗体は,新たに獲得された共生抗原に対する粘膜の適応免疫反応を制限するフィードバックループが存在する.
- 母親のIgG抗体は,発達中の粘膜免疫系と宿主-微生物共生を調節する上で,これまで認識されていないより広範な役割を果たします.
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