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The Nucleolus02:55

The Nucleolus

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The nucleolus is the most prominent substructure of the nucleus. When it was first discovered, it was considered to be an isolated organelle that forms fibrils and granules. In 1931, the relationship between the nucleolus and chromosomes was first described by Heitz. He observed that the appearance and size of nucleolus varies depending on the stage of the cell cycle. He also noticed constricted regions on different chromosomes clustered together at definite cell cycle stages. These regions,...
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The Nucleolus02:55

The Nucleolus

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Additional Subnuclear Structures02:10

Additional Subnuclear Structures

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The eukaryotic nucleus is a double membrane-bound organelle that contains nearly all of the cell’s genetic material in the form of chromosomes. It is rightly called the “brain” of the cell as it shoulders the responsibility of responding to various physiological processes, stress, altered metabolic conditions, and other cellular signals. 
The nucleus contains many membrane-less subnuclear organelles or nuclear bodies, such as nucleoli, Cajal bodies, speckles,...
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Additional Subnuclear Structures02:10

Additional Subnuclear Structures

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The Nucleus01:32

The Nucleus

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The nucleus is a membrane-bound organelle that acts as a control center in a eukaryotic cell. It contains chromosomal DNA, which controls gene expression and precisely regulates the production of proteins within the cell. In contrast, the DNA inside the mitochondria and chloroplast only carries out functions that are specific to those organelles.
Arrangement of DNA within Nucleus
The regulation of gene expression inside the nucleus is dependent on many factors, including the DNA structure. The...
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The Nucleus01:25

The Nucleus

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The nucleus is a membrane-bound organelle that acts as a control center in a eukaryotic cell. It contains chromosomal DNA, which controls gene expression and precisely regulates the production of proteins within the cell. In contrast, the DNA inside the mitochondria and chloroplast only carries out functions that are specific to those organelles.
Arrangement of DNA within Nucleus
The regulation of gene expression inside the nucleus is dependent on many factors, including the DNA structure. The...
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Author Spotlight: Comprehensive Epigenetic Analysis for Investigating Human Cellular Plasticity and Environmental Adaptation Using Immunofluorescence Assays
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併存する液体相が核分子の基礎である.

Marina Feric1, Nilesh Vaidya1, Tyler S Harmon2

  • 1Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA.

Cell
|May 24, 2016
PubMed
まとめ
この要約は機械生成です。

原子核は分子の分離によって異なる液体相を形成し,サブコンパートメントを形成する. この相分離メカニズムは,生物学的性質によって駆動され,リボヌクレオプロテイン (RNP) 体の組織を説明します.

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科学分野:

  • 細胞生物学
  • バイオ物理学
  • 分子生物学

背景:

  • 核のような膜のない臓器は相分離によって組み立てられます.
  • これらの臓器内の内部のサブコンパートメントの形成は,まだ十分に理解されていません.

研究 の 目的:

  • 核内のサブコンパートメントの形成の背後にあるメカニズムを調査する.
  • リボヌクレオプロテイン (RNP) 体内の内部構造の組織を相分離で説明できるかどうかを判断する.

主な方法:

  • in vivoとin vitroの研究を組み合わせた
  • 計算モデルを利用した.
  • 精製された核タンパク質の分析相分離

主要な成果:

  • 核分子は,異なる,共存する液体相として識別された.
  • 精製された核タンパク質は,体内の組織を真似して,非凝結液相を形成する.
  • シーケンスでコードされた特徴によって引き起こされる 表面張力などの生体物理学的性質の違いが 層状のドロップレット組織を引き起こします

結論:

  • 段階分離により,核内に多層の液体が生成されます.
  • このメカニズムは,様々なリボヌクレオプロテイン (RNP) 体の配列RNA処理を容易にする可能性があります.