協力的な哺乳類の競争力のある成長
Elise Huchard1,2, Sinead English1, Matt B V Bell1
1Large Animal Research Group, Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, UK.
Nature
|May 27, 2016
まとめ
競争力のある成長戦略を示し,ライバルがより速く成長するとき,メアカットの従属者は成長と食物の摂取を増加させます. 成長におけるこの社会的可塑性は 繁殖の機会のための社会的競争に動物がどのように適応するかを強調しています
科学分野:
- 動物の行動
- 進化生物学
- エコロジー
背景:
- 社会的階層は多くの動物社会における繁殖に影響を与えます.
- 順位は年齢や体重に左右され 成長速度が速い個体は 成長速度が遅い個体を 置き換える可能性があります
- 過去の研究では,脊椎動物の成長率は社会環境によって異なりますが,競合する成長に対する直接的な反応はあまり理解されていません.
研究 の 目的:
- 同性のライバルが増えるにつれて 成長率を調整するかどうかを調べる
- 支配的なスーリケットは,特に従属者と密接に競争するときに,加速した成長を示すかどうかを調べる.
主な方法:
- 野生のカラーリ・スリーカット (Suricata suricatta) の同性ライバルの成長率を実験的に操作した.
- 下位と支配的な個体の成長率と食物の摂取を監視した.
- 重量差と支配的地位を達成した時の成長の加速との関係を評価した.
主要な成果:
- 同性ライバルが 実験的に増殖した結果 服従するスーリケットは 成長率と食物摂取量を増加させました
- 支配的なメリケットは二次的な成長率を示し,最も重い従属者との体重差が小さいときより大きな加速を示しました.
- 成長は最も近い競争相手の大きさに基づいて調整されます.
結論:
- 社会的地位と競争は,ミリケットの個々の成長の可塑性に直接影響します.
- この研究は,生殖競争の脅威に対する適応的な成長反応の証拠を提供します.
- 他の社会的な哺乳類でも,競争リスクに対する類似のプラスチック成長反応が発生する可能性があります.
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