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高価な精子装飾の進化を促す 性選択の方法
Stefan Lüpold1,2, Mollie K Manier1,3, Nalini Puniamoorthy1,4
1Center for Reproductive Evolution, Department of Biology, Syracuse University, 107 College Place, Syracuse, New York 13244-1270, USA.
Nature
|May 27, 2016
まとめ
ドロソフィラの巨大精子は 交配後の性選択の形態で 女性の選択と遺伝的相関によって進化した これは性選択と性差に関する既存の理論に 挑戦しています
科学分野:
- 進化生物学
- 性別 の 選択
- 遺伝学
背景:
- 交配後の性選択 (PSS) は精子特性の進化を促しますが,精子装飾と女性の好みの適応的意義は不明です.
- 誇張された性的な特徴は一般的ですが ドロソフィラの巨大精子は極端な例であり 現在の進化論に挑戦しています
- 精子の長さの進化を理解するには 遺伝的相関と女性の選択を 調べる必要があります
研究 の 目的:
- ドロソフィラの巨大な精子を 極端な装飾品として強調する
- 定量遺伝学および比較分析を用いて,ドロソフィラ・メラノガスターの精子長さの進化動態を調査する.
- 巨大精子の進化における フィッシャー族の脱走選択と 女性の間接的利益の役割を調査する
主な方法:
- 種別における誇張された性特性の進化的アロメトリーの見直し
- ドロソフィラ・メラノガスターの相互作用する性特性の定量遺伝分析
- 異なった精子/オルナメントの大きさを持つ種間の雄と雌の生殖能力の比較分析
主要な成果:
- ドロソフィラの巨大精子は 自然界の最も極端な装飾物で 性選択の強さと交配システムの理論に 挑戦しています
- 精子長さの進化は,精子長さ,女性の好み,交配頻度の間の遺伝的相関によって駆動されるフィッシャー族の脱走選択の影響を受けています.
- 長い精子は女性にとって間接的な利点をもたらし 精子の質と量との複雑な相互作用を示唆しています
結論:
- 数少ない巨大な精子を 生み出す進化は 女性の選択と遺伝的要因によって 引き起こされるのです 男性の競争だけではなく
- 精子の質と量の発達的な統合は,交配後の性選択は,男性の競争と女性の選択を相互に関連したプロセスとして見ています.
- この研究は,極端な性的特徴の進化と ドロソフィラの性選択のメカニズムに関する新しい洞察を提供します.
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