ゲノム全体の関連研究により,教育水準と関連した74の場所が特定された
Aysu Okbay1,2,3, Jonathan P Beauchamp4, Mark Alan Fontana5
1Department of Applied Economics, Erasmus School of Economics, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, 3062 PA, The Netherlands.
Nature
|May 27, 2016
まとめ
遺伝的要因は教育レベルに影響し,広範囲のゲノム関連研究で74の重要な場所が特定されました. これらの遺伝子変異は胎児の脳遺伝子調節と 神経発達経路と関連しています
科学分野:
- 行動 の 遺伝
- 神経科学
- ゲノミクス
背景:
- 教育レベルは社会や環境要因によって 影響を受けます
- 遺伝的要因は,個人の教育水準の違いに大きく貢献しています.
- 以前の研究では 遺伝的関連が特定されましたが より大きなサンプルサイズが必要です
研究 の 目的:
- 大規模な全ゲノム関連研究 (GWAS) を用いて,教育水準に関連する遺伝的位置を特定する.
- 特定された遺伝子変異に関連する生物学的経路と遺伝子発現パターンを調査する.
- 関連する特性のプロキシー現象型としての教育水準の有用性を探求する.
主な方法:
- ゲノム全体の関連研究 (GWAS) を293723人のサンプルで実施した.
- イギリスのバイオバンクから111,349人の独立したサンプルで複製研究を行った.
- 単核酸ポリモルフィズム (SNPs) を分析し,学年との関連を明らかにした.
主要な成果:
- 教育レベルに関連した全ゲノムにわたる74の重要な位置を特定した.
- 関連性SNPが 胎児の脳遺伝子発現を制御する ゲノム領域に濃縮されていることがわかりました
- 候補遺伝子は,特に胎児発達の過程で,神経組織で優遇的に発現し,神経発達の経路と結びついています.
結論:
- 充実したGWASは,複製可能な遺伝的変異を特定し,複雑な行動的表型である.
- 遺伝学的な発見は 生物学的に重要な経路を示唆しています 特に神経の発達に関与する経路です
- 認知と神経精神疾患に対する遺伝的影響を研究するために,教育レベルは貴重なプロキシフェノタイプとして機能します.
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