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冥王星の多角形地形を説明する力強いコンベクション
A J Trowbridge1, H J Melosh1,2, J K Steckloff2
1Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA.
Nature
|June 3, 2016
まとめ
冥王星のスプートニク・プランウムには窒素 (N2) の氷の多角形がある. N2氷層内のコンベクション電流は,若い地質学的に活発な表面を示唆する最も可能性が高い原因です.
科学分野:
- 惑星科学
- 地理学
- クリオロジー
背景:
- 冥王星のスプートニク・プランウムは,主に窒素 (N2) の氷で構成されたユニークな多角形地形を示しています.
- 熱収縮などの多角形形成に関する以前の仮説は,観測されたN2氷の変形と矛盾している.
研究 の 目的:
- 冥王星のスプートニク・プラニュムの 多角形地形形成に 起因する地質学的過程を調査する
- 観測された表面の特徴とN2氷の振る舞いを説明する最も妥当なメカニズムを決定する.
主な方法:
- パラメータ化されたコンベクションモデルの開発と適用.
- 窒素 (N2) 氷層のレイリー数計算
- 多角形の寸法と"浮遊山"を分析して氷の厚さを推測する.
主要な成果:
- 計算されたレイリー数は,N2氷の内部での強力なコンベクションを示しています.
- Rayleigh-Bénardコンベクションは,多角形形成の最も可能性の高いメカニズムとして特定されています.
- N2の氷層の厚さは 約10キロメートルと推定されています
結論:
- 冥王星のスプートニク・プラニュムは地質学的に活発で,表面の特徴はコンベクションによって引き起こされます.
- 推定コンベクション速度は 驚くほど若い表面年齢を 約100万年を示唆しています
- この発見は,氷の天体の地質学的無活動性に関する以前の仮定に異議を唱えます.
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