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Somatic to iPS Cell Reprogramming01:29

Somatic to iPS Cell Reprogramming

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Reprogramming alters the gene expression in somatic cells, transforming them into induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells over several generations. Scientists can reprogram cells by introducing genes for four transcription factors—Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc (OSKM) by viral or non-viral methods. These factors are also known as Yamanaka factors after Shinya Yamanaka, who first generated iPS cells using mouse skin cells. Yamanaka was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2012...
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Combinatorial Gene Control02:33

Combinatorial Gene Control

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Combinatorial gene control is the synergistic action of several transcriptional factors to regulate the expression of a single gene. The absence of one or more of these factors may lead to a significant difference in the level of gene expression or repression.
The expression of more than 30,000 genes is controlled by approximately 2000-3000 transcription factors. This is possible because a single transcription factor can recognize more than one regulatory sequence. The specificity in gene...
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Maintenance of the ES Cell State01:14

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The cells of the blastocyst inner cell mass only remain pluripotent for a short time. This state of pluripotency and self-renewal can be maintained in embryonic stem (ES) cell culture by adding specific chemicals or growth factors to ensure the cells can continue dividing and later differentiate into different cell types. In some cases, the cells are grown on a feeder layer of differentiated cells, which provides the growth factors and extracellular matrix components necessary for stem cell...
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Master Transcription Regulators02:23

Master Transcription Regulators

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Master transcription regulators are regulatory proteins that are predominantly responsible for regulating the expression of multiple genes. Often these genes work in concert to drive a  complex process. Activation of a master transcription regulator can lead to a cascade of transcriptional activation necessary for that outcome. These regulators can directly bind to the regulatory sequences of the various genes involved, or they can indirectly regulate transcription by binding to regulatory...
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Master Transcription Regulators

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Methods of Nuclear Reprogramming01:24

Methods of Nuclear Reprogramming

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Nuclear reprogramming is a process of transforming one cell type into an unrelated cell type by epigenetic changes that alter the cell’s original gene expression pattern. Such epigenetic changes force cells to express a different set of genes, which play a significant role in inducing transformation into other cell types. Nuclear reprogramming offers applications in reproductive cloning for livestock propagation and regenerative medicine — developing patient-specific cells for...
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Updated: Mar 19, 2026

HOX Loci Focused CRISPR/sgRNA Library Screening Identifying Critical CTCF Boundaries
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同抑制剤CBFA2T2は多能性と生殖系統の発達を調節する

Shengjiang Tu1,2, Varun Narendra1,2, Masashi Yamaji3

  • 1Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York 10016, USA.

Nature
|June 10, 2016
PubMed
まとめ

CBFA2T2という新しいタンパク質は,マウスの生殖系統の特異化と多能性において極めて重要です. PRDM14およびOCT4と作用し,遺伝子発現を調節し,原始生殖細胞 (PGC) の適切な発達を保証する.

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Oct4GiP Reporter Assay to Study Genes that Regulate Mouse Embryonic Stem Cell Maintenance and Self-renewal
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科学分野:

  • 発達生物学
  • エピジェネティクス
  • 遺伝学

背景:

  • 生殖細胞は世代を超えて 遺伝的・表遺伝的情報を伝達する.
  • 初期生殖細胞 (PGC) は体系から区別され,ゲメットの前駆体である.
  • PGCは,OCT4,SOX2,NANOG,PRDM14のような胚性幹細胞と多能性因子を共有しています.

研究 の 目的:

  • プラリポテンシーと生殖系統の特異性を調節する新しい要因を特定する.
  • 転写因子がPGC特有の転写プログラムを制御する生化学的メカニズムを解明する.
  • 生殖細胞の発達における共抑制体CBFA2T2の役割を調査する.

主な方法:

  • Cbfa2t2 ノックアウトマウスの遺伝子解析
  • タンパク質複合体を特定するための生化学的分析
  • 転写因子の結合を評価するクロマチンの免疫流出.

主要な成果:

  • Cbfa2t2ノックアウトマウスは,PGCの成熟と表遺伝的再プログラムに重大な欠陥を示しています.
  • CBFA2T2は,生殖線転写因子PRDM14と複合体を形成する.
  • CBFA2T2は,PRDM14とOCT4をクロマチンに安定させ,支架として作用する.

結論:

  • CBFA2T2は,マウスの生殖線特異性および多能性にとって不可欠な新しい共抑制剤です.
  • CBFA2T2はPRDM14とOCT4と連携してクロマチンと遺伝子発現を調節する.
  • この発見は,生殖細胞におけるユニとプルリポテンスの間の発達的な可塑性を支配する生化学的メカニズムに光を当てる.