構造的に異なったN-およびO-メチルトランスフェラーゼ:グリシンN-メチルトランスフェラーゼとCatechol O-メチルトランスフェラーゼの間の収束メカニズム特性
Jianyu Zhang1, Judith P Klinman1
1Department of Chemistry, ‡Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, and §California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, University of California , Berkeley, California 94720, United States.
Journal of the American Chemical Society
|June 30, 2016
まとめ
グライシンNメチルトランスフェラーゼ (GNMT) は,メチル転送を促進するためにタンパク質構造を使用します. タイロシン残基は鍵であり,他のメチルトランスフェラーゼと同様に,効率的な触媒化のためにドナー-受容器距離を縮小します.
科学分野:
- 生物化学
- 酵素学
- タンパク質 の 構造 と 機能
背景:
- メチルトランスフェラーゼは 生物学的役割が多様で 重要な酵素です
- メチル転送メカニズムの包括的な理解は不完全です.
- グライシンNメチルトランスフェラーゼ (GNMT) は,S-アデノシル-l-メチオニン (AdoMet) を使用してグリシンをメチル化する.
研究 の 目的:
- GNMTのメチル転送メカニズムを調査する.
- 酵素触媒におけるタンパク質構造の役割を調べる
- カテコールO-メチルトランスフェラーゼのような他のメチルトランスフェラーゼと比較する.
主な方法:
- 野生型GNMTとTyr21変異体に対して,一次的および二次的運動同位体効果を測定した.
- 炭素-12/14と水素-1/3の運動同位体効果を分析した.
- 野生型GNMTと変異体に対する結合同位体の効果が決定された.
主要な成果:
- キネティック・イソトープ効果のデータは,メチル移転中にタンパク質構造による圧縮を示唆している.
- GNMTとカテキルO-メチルトランスフェラーゼの触媒性において有意な類似性が観察された.
- AdoMetメチル硫黄の後ろに位置するチロシン側鎖は,触媒作用において重要であることが確認された.
結論:
- タンパク質の構造は,GNMTにおけるメチル転送のステップを容易にする上で重要な役割を果たします.
- チロシン残基に依存するメチルドナー-受容器距離の触媒的に重要な減少が提案されています.
- メチルトランスフェラーゼにおける酵素構造機能関係は,多様な活性部位にもかかわらず,保存されたメカニズムを示すことができる.
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