タクソンとトロフィックレベルの気候に対する現象的感受性

Stephen J Thackeray¹, Peter A Henrys¹, Deborah Hemming²

¹Centre for Ecology &Hydrology, Lancaster Environment Centre, Library Avenue, Bailrigg, Lancaster, Lancashire LA1 4AP, UK.

Nature

|July 1, 2016

まとめ

気候変動が種に与える影響

科学分野:

エコロジー
気候変動の生物学
フェノロジー

背景:

気候変化に対する現象的反応は種によって異なるため,生態学的相互作用と生態系の機能を破壊する可能性があります.
これらの脅威を評価するには,異なるトロフィックレベルでの気候変動の影響を定量化することが不可欠です.

研究の目的:

様々な種とトロフィックレベルでの気候感受性の変動を定量化する.
トロフィックレベルでの現象的タイミングに対する気候変動の影響の違いを評価する.

主な方法:

10,003の陸生生物と水生生物の現象学データセットに気候感受性プロファイルアプローチを適用した.
気温と降水量のデータと空間的にマッチした現象データ.
気候変動の予測を活用した.

主要な成果:

気候の感受性は,分類学とトロフィック群の方向,大きさ,タイミングによって大きく変化した.
二次消費者は他のグループと比較して一貫して気候に対する感受性が低い.
主要な消費者は,現象的イベントのタイミングで最も顕著な変化 (平均6.2日前) を経験すると予測されています.

結論:

気候変動による現象的変化は,種とトロフィックレベルで均一ではありません.
主要な消費者はより大きな現象学的変化に直面し,潜在的に生態学的非同期化につながります.
気候変動に対する生態系の反応を予測するには種特有の気候感受性を理解することが不可欠です

さらに関連する動画

10:14

Author Spotlight: Leaf Trait Analysis for Climate and Ecology Reconstruction in Modern and Ancient Plant Communities

Published on: October 25, 2024

4.3K

06:10

Using Generative Art to Convey Past and Future Climate Transitions

Published on: March 31, 2023

1.6K

関連する概念動画

01:50

Global Climate Change

29.6K

Throughout its ~4.5 billion year history, the Earth has experienced periods of warming and cooling. However, the current drastic increase in global temperatures is well outside of the Earth’s cyclic norms, and evidence for human-caused global climate change is compelling. Paleoclimatology, the study of ancient climate conditions, provides ample evidence for human-caused global climate change by comparing recent conditions with those in the past.

29.6K

02:45

Biological Clocks and Seasonal Responses

41.9K

The circadian—or biological—clock is an intrinsic, timekeeping, molecular mechanism that allows plants to coordinate physiological activities over 24-hour cycles called circadian rhythms. Photoperiodism is a collective term for the biological responses of plants to variations in the relative lengths of dark and light periods. The period of light-exposure is called the photoperiod.

41.9K

02:45

Responses to Heat and Cold Stress

15.6K

Every organism has an optimum temperature range within which healthy growth and physiological functioning can occur. At the ends of this range, there will be a minimum and maximum temperature that interrupt biological processes.

15.6K

01:16

What is Climate?

21.3K

Climate refers to the prevailing weather conditions in a specific area over an extended period. As the saying goes, “Climate is what you expect. Weather is what you get.” Climate is influenced by geographic factors, such as latitude, terrain, and proximity to bodies of water.

21.3K

01:35

Trophic Levels

38.4K

All organisms in an ecosystem occupy a trophic level in the food chain. The lowest level consists of primary producers, which synthesize their food from either solar or chemical energy. Each subsequent level obtains energy from the levels below. Detritivores can occupy any of the levels above primary producers.

38.4K

00:46

Trophic Efficiency

25.7K

Trophic level transfer efficiency (TLTE) is a measure of the total energy transfer from one trophic level to the next. Due to extensive energy loss as metabolic heat, an average of only 10% of the original energy obtained is passed on to the next level. This pattern of energy loss severely limits the possible number of trophic levels in a food chain.