SHP2フォスファタゼのアロステリック阻害は,受容体チロシンキナーゼによって引き起こされる癌を阻害する
Nature
|July 1, 2016
まとめ
SHP099という新しい小分子阻害剤は,がん誘発性タンパク質チロシンファスファターゼ (SHP2) を効果的に標的にします. この発見は,RASERK経路を通じて腫瘍細胞の増殖を抑制することで,様々な癌に対する有望な治療戦略を提供します.
科学分野:
- 生物化学
- 分子生物学
- 腫瘍学
背景:
- SHP2 (PTPN11) は,成長因子のシグナル伝達に不可欠な腫瘍性チロシンファスファターゼである.
- SHP2変異の活性化が 発育障害や白血病や神経芽細胞腫のような癌に繋がっています
- SHP2は,細胞生存,RASERKによる増殖,免疫チェックポイント (PD-1,BTLA) を調節する.
研究 の 目的:
- SHP2の新しく強力で選択的な小分子阻害剤を発見し,特徴づけること.
- SHP2抑制の作用メカニズムを明らかにする.
- 臨床前がんモデルにおけるSHP2阻害の治療の可能性を評価する.
主な方法:
- SHP099の発見は,小分子阻害剤で,高い効能 (IC50=0. 071μM) と経口生物利用性を有する.
- SHP099のアロステリック阻害メカニズムの特徴付け,SHP2を自動抑制された形状で安定させる.
- RASERKシグナル伝達と癌細胞増殖に対するSHP099のインビトロ評価
- マウス腫瘍異種移植モデルにおけるSHP099の有効性のインビボ評価.
主要な成果:
- SHP099は,SHP2に対して高い効能と選択性を示した.
- 抑制剤はアロステリックメカニズムで作用し,複数のSHP2ドメインを結合して自己抑制を誘発する.
- SHP099は,レセプターチロシンキナーゼ駆動がん細胞におけるRASERK信号伝達と増殖を効果的に抑制した.
- SHP099は,臨床前のマウス腫瘍モデルにおいて有意な有効性を示した.
結論:
- SHP2の薬理学的抑制は,がん治療の有効な治療戦略です.
- SHP099は,SHP2誘発悪性腫瘍を標的とする有望な薬剤候補である.
- SHP2をターゲットにすることで 腫瘍の増殖を抑制し 癌治療の効果を高めることができます
関連する概念動画
The JAK-STAT Signaling Pathway
10.0K
Several cytokine receptors have tightly bound Janus kinase or JAK proteins attached at their cytosolic tail. Small signaling molecules such as cytokines, growth hormones, or prolactins bind to the cytokine receptors and initiate their dimerization. The dimerization brings the cytosolic JAKs together that trans-phosphorylate and activates each other. The activated JAKs now phosphorylate cytosolic tails of the cytokine receptors, which serve as binding sites for adaptor proteins such as SH2...
10.0K
Amplifying Signals via Enzymatic Cascade
14.9K
When a ligand binds to a cell-surface receptor, the receptor's intracellular domain changes shape, which may either activate its enzyme function or allow its binding to other molecules. The initial signal is amplified by most signal transduction pathways. This means that a single ligand molecule can activate multiple molecules of a downstream target. Proteins that relay a signal are most commonly phosphorylated at one or more sites, activating or inactivating the protein. Kinases catalyze...
14.9K
mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression
4.0K
The mammalian target of rapamycin or mTOR protein was discovered in 1994 due to its direct interaction with rapamycin. The protein gets its name from a yeast homolog called TOR. The mTOR protein complex in mammalian cells plays a major role in balancing anabolic processes such as the synthesis of proteins, lipids, and nucleotides and catabolic processes, such as autophagy in response to environmental cues, such as availability of nutrients and growth factors.
The mTOR pathway or the...
The mTOR pathway or the...
4.0K
Interactions Between Signaling Pathways
6.8K
Signaling cascades usually lack linearity. Multiple pathways interact and regulate one another, allowing cells to integrate and respond to diverse environmental stimuli.
Convergence and divergence, and cross-talk between signaling pathways
Two distinct signaling pathways can converge on a single functional unit, which may either be a single protein or a complex of proteins. The response is either functionally distinct or synergistic between the two pathways but different from the response...
Convergence and divergence, and cross-talk between signaling pathways
Two distinct signaling pathways can converge on a single functional unit, which may either be a single protein or a complex of proteins. The response is either functionally distinct or synergistic between the two pathways but different from the response...
6.8K
Inhibition of Cdk Activity
5.2K
The orderly progression of the cell cycle depends on the activation of Cdk protein by binding to its cyclin partner. However, the cell cycle must be restricted when undergoing abnormal changes. Most cancers correlate to the deregulated cell cycle, and since Cdks are a central component of the cell cycle, Cdk inhibitors are extensively studied to develop anticancer agents. For instance, cyclin D associates with several Cdks, such as Cdk 4/6, to form an active complex. The cyclin D-Cdk4/6 complex...
5.2K
PI3K/mTOR/AKT Signaling Pathway
4.4K
The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a serine/threonine kinase that regulates growth, proliferation, and cell survival in response to hormones, growth factors, or nutrient availability. This kinase exists in two structurally and functionally distinct forms: mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) and mTOR complex 2 (mTORC2). The first form (mTORC1) is composed of a rapamycin-sensitive Raptor and proline-rich Akt substrate, PRAS40. In contrast, mTORC2 consists of a...
4.4K


