霊長類の背面流における意思決定関連活動の分離された機能的意義
Leor N Katz1, Jacob L Yates1, Jonathan W Pillow2
1Center for Perceptual Systems, Departments of Neuroscience &Psychology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA.
Nature
|July 5, 2016
まとめ
lateral intraparietal (LIP) 領域の神経活動は決定と強く相関しているが,知覚的な意思決定には因果的に必要ではない. 対照的に,意思決定と相関が少ない中間間間 (MT) 領域の活動は,パフォーマンスにとって極めて重要です.
科学分野:
- 神経科学
- 認知神経科学
- 意思決定科学
背景:
- 脳の様々な領域のニューロンの活動は 意思決定プロセスと相関しています
- 実際の意思決定におけるこれらの意思決定に関連する神経活動の因果的な役割は不明である.
- この区別を理解することは 認知のニューラル基盤を解読するのに 極めて重要です
研究 の 目的:
- 特定の脳の領域における 神経活動と知覚的な意思決定の因果関係を調査する.
- 意思決定と相関する神経信号と 意思決定に不可欠な信号を区別する
- 運動差別化タスクにおける側頭部内側頭部 (LIP) と中側頭部 (MT) の役割を調べる.
主な方法:
- モーション・ディレクション・ディスクリミネーションタスク中のレサス・マカクの LIP と MT 領域からのニューラル活動を記録する.
- LIPとMT領域の可逆薬学的不活性化により,行動に対する因果的影響を評価する.
- 射撃速度と動物の選択と心理的パフォーマンスの相関を分析する.
主要な成果:
- LIPニューロンは 発射率と意思決定に 強い相関性を示し 証拠の蓄積を反映したものです
- MTニューロンは選択の相関が弱く 感覚運動のコード化に一致するパターンを示した.
- MTの無効化はタスクのパフォーマンスに重大な影響を及ぼし,LIPの無効化は知覚上の決定に有意な影響を及ぼさなかった.
結論:
- LIPにおける意思決定関連の活動は,知覚的な意思決定に因果的に必要ではないので,それは二次的プロセスを反映している可能性があることを示唆している.
- 決定と強く相関する神経信号は,決定計算における因果的な役割を必ずしも示すわけではありません.
- この研究は 意思決定中の脳機能の理解において 神経の相関関係と因果関係との 重要な分離を強調しています
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