腸内の微生物群と病原菌の相互作用
Andreas J Bäumler1, Vanessa Sperandio2,3
1Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, Davis, School of Medicine, Davis, California 95616, USA.
Nature
|July 8, 2016
まとめ
腸内微生物群は 健康に影響し 抗生物質は 腸内微生物群を 破壊し 病原菌の繁殖を可能にします これらの相互作用を理解することで 微生物群を操作することで 感染症と闘うことができます
科学分野:
- 微生物学
- 人間 の 健康
- 感染症
背景:
- ヒトの微生物群は 健康を維持する上で 重要な役割を果たします
- 腸内微生物群の変化は,病原性感染症に対する感受性または耐性を引き起こす可能性があります.
- 抗生物質は 腸内微生物群に大きく影響し 腸内栄養素の可用性を変化させ 病原体の増殖を促進します
研究 の 目的:
- 病原菌が微生物群の変化によって変化した腸内環境をどのように利用するかを調査する.
- 病原体が増殖し 毒性を増やす仕組みを理解する
- 感染症と戦うために微生物群を操作する戦略を特定する.
主な方法:
- 宿主-微生物-病原体相互作用の分析
- 病原菌による栄養素利用の調査
- 炎症反応と病原体の適応に関する研究
主要な成果:
- 病原菌は,成長と毒性のために微生物群に由来する栄養素 (炭素と窒素) を利用する.
- 病原体による炎症は腸内環境を変化させ 病原体の膨張を促します
- 病原体は生存と増殖のために 特定の呼吸と金属獲得システムを用いる.
結論:
- 病原菌は 抗生物質治療後の 変化した腸内環境と栄養素環境を 積極的に利用します
- 病原体特有の適応と宿主微生物群の相互作用をターゲットにすることで,潜在的な治療戦略が提供されます.
- これらの複雑な相互作用に関するさらなる研究は 感染症に対するマイクロバイオームベースの介入の開発に不可欠です
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