インフラマソーム活性化ガスダーミンDは,膜の毛穴を形成することによって,ピロプトーシスを引き起こす
Xing Liu1,2, Zhibin Zhang1,2, Jianbin Ruan1,3
1Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
Nature
|July 8, 2016
まとめ
ガスダーミンDN末端断片 (GSDMD- NT) は細胞膜に毛穴を形成し,ピロプトーシスとサイトカインの放出を引き起こします. このGSDMD-NTの断片は 直接的な抗菌作用を示し 宿主の防御機構に影響を与える可能性があります
科学分野:
- 細胞生物学
- 免疫学
- 微生物学
背景:
- 炎症性カスパスは 感染や危険信号に反応して活性化します
- 活性化されたカスパスはガスダーミンD (GSDMD) を割って,GSDMD-NTを産生し,それがピロプトーシスとサイトカインの放出を誘導する.
- GSDMD- NTが細胞死を誘発するメカニズムは以前は知られていなかった.
研究 の 目的:
- GSDMD-NT誘発細胞死亡のメカニズムを解明する.
- GSDMD-NTの膜結合特性と毛穴形成活動を調査する.
- 微生物感染に対する宿主防御におけるGSDMD-NTの役割を決定する.
主な方法:
- 電子顕微鏡でGSDMD-NTのオリゴメリゼーションと毛穴形成を可視化する.
- GSDMD-NTの相互作用相手を特定するための脂質結合測定法
- GSDMD-NT機能における特定の残留物の役割を評価するサイト指向型変異.
- GSDMD-NTの殺菌作用を評価するための in vitro 試験.
主要な成果:
- GSDMD-NTは膜にオリゴメリゼスし,電子顕微鏡で可視な毛穴を形成する.
- GSDMD-NTは,フォスファディチル・イノシトール・フォスファート,フォスファディチルセリン,およびカルディオリピンと結合する.
- 保存された塩基残留の変異は,GSDMD-NTオリゴメリゼーション,膜結合,毛穴形成,および熱死を廃止する.
- GSDMD- NTは,隣接する宿主細胞を節約して,細胞内成分と細菌に対して選択的毒性を示す.
結論:
- GSDMD-NTは,膜の毛穴を形成することによって,熱死を引き起こす.
- GSDMD- NTの脂質結合特性は,細胞破壊特性を決定する.
- GSDMD-NTは,宿主防御に寄与する直接的な殺菌作用を有しているが,そのインビボの重要性についてはさらなる調査が必要である.
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