アマゾンの先住民の不協和感に対する無関心は,音楽の認識における文化的多様性を明らかにする
Nature
|July 14, 2016
まとめ
音楽の協和音の好みは普遍的ではない. 孤立 し た アマゾン の ツィマン
科学分野:
- 心理学
- 音楽学
- 人類学
背景:
- 音楽の共鳴と不協和音の認識は,音楽学と心理学における長年の議論である.
- 西洋音楽理論では,共音 (愉快な) と不協和音 (不愉快な) の組み合わせを対比する.
- 協和音の好みの起源は議論され,理論は生物学的根源か文化的条件付けのどちらかを示唆している.
研究 の 目的:
- 音の好みの異文化的な違いを調査する.
- 協和音の好みが生まれつきなのか 文化的に習得されたのか 判断する
- 西洋の文化にほとんど触れていない人々の 音楽に対する美学的な反応を 調べるためでした
主な方法:
- 実験はアマゾンのツマネ族で 西洋文化にほとんど触れていない社会で行われました
- 比較グループにはボリビアとアメリカから参加し,西洋音楽に多かれ少なかれ触れた.
- 参加者は様々な協和音や不協和音や 声の調和の愉しさを評価しました
主要な成果:
- ツィマネの参加者は 協和音と不協和音と 声の調和を同じくらい愉快だと評価した.
- それにもかかわらず ツィマネ族は 馴染みのある音や音響の荒さに対して 西洋的な識別能力と美学的な反応を示した.
- ボリビアの都市部住民は,米国住民よりも発音が少ないが,共鳴を好むことを示した.
結論:
- 西洋音楽から隔離された文化では 協和音の好みは欠けていて 生まれつきのバイアス理論に挑戦しています
- 協和音の好みは 調和のとれた自然音と 関連していないことが 示唆されています
- 音楽の調和に対する文化的曝露は,音楽に対する美学的な反応を形作る支配的な要因であるようです.
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