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Updated: Mar 17, 2026

Repressing Gene Transcription by Redirecting Cellular Machinery with Chemical Epigenetic Modifiers
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Repressing Gene Transcription by Redirecting Cellular Machinery with Chemical Epigenetic Modifiers

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クロマチンの改造は活性遺伝子を無効化し,神経コードを調節する

Yue Yang1, Tomoko Yamada1, Kelly K Hill1,2

  • 1Department of Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|July 16, 2016
PubMed
まとめ

ニュークレオソームリモデリングとデアセチラーゼ (NuRD) コンプレックスは,脳の発達における活動に依存する遺伝子を無効化する. このエピジェネティックメカニズムは ニューロンの接続性と 感覚運動の処理を制御します

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Chromatin modification alters gene expression; therefore, scientists can add histone-modifying enzymes, histone variants, and chromatin remodeling complexes to somatic cells to aid reprogramming into pluripotent stem (iPS) cells.
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The histone proteins in the nucleosomes are post-translationally modified (PTM) to increase or decrease access to DNA. The commonly observed PTMs are methylation, acetylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination of lysine amino acids in the histone H3 tail region. These histone modifications have specific meaning for the cell. Hence, they are called "histone code". The protein complex involved in histone modification is termed as "reader-writer" complex.
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Epigenetic changes alter the physical structure of the DNA without changing the genetic sequence and often regulate whether genes are turned on or off. This regulation ensures that each cell produces only proteins necessary for its function. For example, proteins that promote bone growth are not produced in muscle cells. Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
X-chromosome...
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