脂質双層におけるGタンパク質結合受容体の構成図面の機能的調節
Marina Casiraghi1, Marjorie Damian2, Ewen Lescop3
1Laboratoire de Biologie Physico-Chimique des Protéines Membranaires, UMR 7099, CNRS/Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique (FRC 550) , 13 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, F-75005 Paris, France.
Journal of the American Chemical Society
|August 5, 2016
まとめ
Gタンパク質結合受容体 (GPCRs) は,複数の構造を通して信号を発する. リンガンと膜ステロルはこれらの状態を調節し,Gタンパク質の活性化に影響を与え,GPCRシグナル伝達のための重要な結合メカニズムを明らかにします.
科学分野:
- 構造生物学
- 生物化学
- 分子薬理学
背景:
- Gタンパク質結合受容体 (GPCR) のシグナル伝達を理解するには,その構造の地図を作成する必要があります.
- GPCRの構成動態に対する膜環境の影響は,信号伝達に極めて重要です.
- レウコトリエンB4受容体2 (BLT2) は,そのシグナル伝達メカニズムが興味深い代表的なGPCRである.
研究 の 目的:
- BLT2受容体の形状を調査する.
- 膜環境とリガンド結合がBLT2構造にどのように影響するかを決定する.
- 受容体構成,膜構成,Gタンパク質活性化との関係を明らかにする.
主な方法:
- 溶液状態の核磁気共振 (NMR) のスペクトロスコピーを組み合わせた新しい戦略の開発.
- 強化されたNMR信号検出のための効率的な同位体ラベル制度の実施.
- 膜ベースの研究のために,BLT2受容体を脂質二層に再構成する.
主要な成果:
- BLT2受容体が4つの異なる構造状態に存在することを示す直接的な証拠が得られた.
- リガンド結合と膜ステロール含有量は,これらの構成状態の分布を調節することが判明した.
- 受容体の形状の変化は,同種のGタンパク質を活性化する受容体の能力の変化と直接相関していた.
結論:
- BLT2受容体は,膜環境で複雑で多状態のコンフォメーションランドスケープを示している.
- リガンド結合,膜組成,下流シグナル伝達の間には構成結合が存在する.
- この結合メカニズムは,GPCRのシグナル伝達プロセスにとって根本的なものである可能性が高い.
関連する概念動画
G Protein-coupled Receptors
19.0K
G Protein-Coupled Receptors or GPCRs are membrane-bound receptors that transiently associate with heterotrimeric G proteins and induce an appropriate response to sensory stimuli such as light, odors, hormones, cytokines, or neurotransmitters.
GPCRs are also called heptahelical, 7TM, or serpentine receptors, and consist of seven (H1-H7) transmembrane alpha-helices that span the bilayer to form a cylindrical core. The transmembrane helices are connected by three extracellular loops and three...
GPCRs are also called heptahelical, 7TM, or serpentine receptors, and consist of seven (H1-H7) transmembrane alpha-helices that span the bilayer to form a cylindrical core. The transmembrane helices are connected by three extracellular loops and three...
19.0K
G Protein-coupled Receptors
2.3K
2.3K
Activation and Inactivation of G Proteins
12.1K
Heterotrimeric G proteins are guanine nucleotide-binding proteins. As the name suggests, heterotrimeric G proteins are composed of three subunits: alpha, beta, and gamma. They remain GDP-bound or GTP-bound inside the cells and switch between inactive/active states. The Gα subunit possesses the nucleotide-binding pocket that binds guanine nucleotides and switches between GDP or GTP-bound states. In contrast, the Gꞵ and Gγ subunits are always bound together with high...
12.1K
Transducer Mechanism: G Protein–Coupled Receptors
7.0K
G Protein–Coupled Receptors (GPCRs) are membrane-bound receptors that transiently associate with heterotrimeric G proteins and induce an appropriate response to various stimuli. GPCRs regulate critical physiological pathways and are excellent drug targets for treating diseases such as diabetes, cancer, obesity, depression, or Alzheimer's. Nearly 35% of approved drugs implement their therapeutic effects by selectively interacting with specific GPCRs.
GPCRs are also called heptahelical,...
GPCRs are also called heptahelical,...
7.0K
G-protein Coupled Receptors
133.7K
G-protein coupled receptors are ligand binding receptors that indirectly affect changes in the cell. The actual receptor is a single polypeptide that transverses the cell membrane seven times creating intracellular and extracellular loops. The extracellular loops create a ligand specific pocket which binds to neurotransmitters or hormones. The intracellular loops holds onto the G-protein.
133.7K
G-protein Coupled Receptors
6.5K
6.5K


