工業的な発酵プロセスにおける微生物の競争上の優位性に関する代謝工学
A Joe Shaw1, Felix H Lam2, Maureen Hamilton1
1Novogy, 85 Bolton Street, Cambridge, MA 02140, USA.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|August 6, 2016
まとめ
合成された微生物は メラミンやシアナミドのような 珍しい窒素やリンを活用できます この戦略は,工業的な発酵で微生物による汚染を防止し,費用対効果の高い持続可能な解決策を提供します.
科学分野:
- バイオテクノロジー
- 産業微生物学
- 合成生物学
背景:
- 微生物による汚染は 費用対効果の高い 産業用バイオ燃料と化学薬品の生産を妨げています
- 現在の汚染制御方法 (滅菌,抗生物質) は高価で,耐性を促進します.
研究 の 目的:
- エキセノバイオティクスや希少な化合物を 必須栄養素として利用できる微生物菌株を設計する.
- 特定の発酵環境における 設計された生物触媒に 競争上の優位性を与える
主な方法:
- メラミン (窒素源) を同化するために設計されたEscherichia coli.
- エンジニアリングされたE. coliの経路効率を高めるための適応的実験室の進化
- シアナミド (窒素) とポータシウムフォスフィート (リン) を同化するために*Saccharomyces cerevisiae*と*Yarrowia lipolytica*を設計した.
主要な成果:
- メラミンが唯一の窒素源であったとき,人工E. coliは対照株を上回った.
- 人工酵母は 低コストの原料として シアナミドとフォスファイトを用いて 汚染する菌株を上回りました
- カスタマイズされた発酵環境内でのみ,微生物の適性を改善することが示されています.
結論:
- エキセノバイオティクスや希少な化学物質を 栄養源として利用することは 汚染制御の新たな戦略を提供します
- このアプローチは微生物の競争優位性を高め 伝統的な高価な方法への依存を軽減します
- エンジニアリングされた生物触媒は,特異性を確保し,産業用途における外部リスクを最小限に抑え,適合性を発揮します.
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