アセチルおよびホルミル安定化フォスフォニウムイリドのアンビデント反応性
Peter A Byrne1, Konstantin Karaghiosoff1, Herbert Mayr1
1Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München , Butenandtstraße 5-13, 81377 München, Germany.
Journal of the American Chemical Society
|August 9, 2016
まとめ
この研究では,安定したイリドとベンジヒドリウムイオンの反応を調査し,酸素攻撃は一般的に炭素攻撃よりも速いことを明らかにしました. ウィティグ反応は,従来の選択性予測に異議を唱える,協調したサイクル加算によって進行する.
科学分野:
- 有機化学
- 反応運動学
- スペクトロスコーピー
背景:
- 安定したリン酸イリドは,酸素とアルファ炭素の両方に反応する能力を持つ,両極性核愛体として作用する.
- ベンジヒドリウムイオンは,ルイス酸性などの因子に影響される地域選択性を持つ,ニュクレオフィールと反応する電ophilesである.
- 核愛性の攻撃メカニズムの理解は,反応結果を予測し,合成戦略を設計するために不可欠です.
研究 の 目的:
- フォーミールとアセチル安定化イリドとベンジヒドリウムイオン間の反応の運動学とメカニズムを調査する.
- O-攻撃対C-攻撃の速度定数を決定し,ヌクレオフィル特有のパラメータ (NとsN) を導出する.
- これらの反応の地域選択性を合理化し,HSABのような確立された化学原理と比較する.
主な方法:
- 反応の進行を監視し,中間物質を特定するために,UV-visとNMRスペクトロスコーピーを用いた.
- OとCの攻撃経路の両方に対して,二次速度定数は決定された.
- 核フィール特異的パラメータ (N と sN) は,相関式 lg k (20 °C) = sN ((E + N) を用いて計算された.
主要な成果:
- イリドに対するベンジヒドリウムイオンの酸素攻撃は,一般的に炭素攻撃よりも速い.
- 最初形成されたO攻撃産物 (ベンジヒドリロキシビニルフォスフォニウムイオン) は,高度にルイス酸性ベンジヒドリルカチオンでしか観測できない.そうでなければ,C攻撃産物に再編成される.
- アセチル安定化ユリドとアルデヒドのウィチグ反応は予測されたC-またはO-攻撃率より著しく速く,協調した [2+2] サイクル添加メカニズムを示唆する.
結論:
- この研究は,ベンジヒドリウムイオンと安定したイリドの二次反応性に関する運動データと機械学的洞察を提供します.
- HSAB と充電/軌道制御のような伝統的な選択性モデルは,これらの反応における地域選択性を予測するのに不十分であることが判明した.
- ウィチグ反応のメカニズムは,単純な核愛性の攻撃経路とは異なる協調 [2+2] サイクル添加であることが確認されています.
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