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関連する概念動画

Base-Catalyzed Ring-Opening of Epoxides02:26

Base-Catalyzed Ring-Opening of Epoxides

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Due to their highly strained structures, epoxides can readily undergo ring-opening reactions through nucleophilic substitution, either in the presence of an acid or a base. The nucleophilic substitution reactions in the presence of acid are called acid-catalyzed ring-opening reactions, and nucleophilic substitution reactions in the presence of a base are called base-catalyzed ring-opening reactions. Epoxides undergo base-catalyzed ring-opening reactions in the presence of a strong nucleophile...
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Conservative Site-specific Recombination and Phase Variation02:53

Conservative Site-specific Recombination and Phase Variation

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Because the DNA segments are cut and reorganized in a direction-specific manner, site-specific recombination has emerged as an efficient genetic engineering technique. Flippase and Cyclization recombinases or Flp and Cre, respectively, are two members of the tyrosine recombinase family derived from bacteriophages, that are used to mediate site-specific DNA insertions, deletions, and targeted expression of proteins in mammalian cell lines.
The recognition sites for Cre recombinase called LoxP...
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Regulated Protein Degradation02:58

Regulated Protein Degradation

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It is vital to regulate the activity of enzymatic as well as non-enzymatic proteins inside the cell. This can be achieved either through creating a balance between their rate of synthesis and degradation or regulating the intrinsic activity of the protein. Both these regulation mechanisms play an essential role in the normal functioning of cells.
Protein degradation plays two important roles in the cells. It helps to protect cells from misfolded or damaged proteins before they lead to a...
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Acid-Catalyzed Ring-Opening of Epoxides02:24

Acid-Catalyzed Ring-Opening of Epoxides

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Epoxides that are three-membered ring systems are more reactive than other cyclic and acyclic ethers. The high reactivity of epoxides originates from the strain present in the ring. This ring strain acts as a driving force for epoxides to undergo ring-opening reactions either with halogen acids or weak nucleophiles in the presence of mild acid. The acid catalyst converts the epoxide oxygen, a poor leaving group, into an oxonium ion, a better leaving group, making the reaction feasible. The...
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Enzymes and Activation Energy01:13

Enzymes and Activation Energy

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The activation energy (or free energy of activation), abbreviated as Ea, is the small amount of energy input necessary for all chemical reactions to occur. During chemical reactions, certain chemical bonds break, and new ones form. For example, when a glucose molecule breaks down, bonds between the molecule's carbon atoms break. Since these are energy-storing bonds, they release energy when broken. However, the molecule must be somewhat contorted to get into a state that allows the bonds to...
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The Proteasome Structure01:17

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The ubiquitin-proteasome pathway is a well-known mechanism utilized by eukaryotic cells to remove cytoplasmic proteins that are misfolded, damaged, or no longer needed. In this pathway, the protein that needs to be eliminated undergoes a process called ubiquitination, where a chain of ubiquitin molecules is attached to the 48th lysine residue of the target protein. This ubiquitin modification helps the proteasome distinguish between a target protein and a healthy protein.
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Functional Characterization of RING-Type E3 Ubiquitin Ligases In Vitro and In Planta
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Functional Characterization of RING-Type E3 Ubiquitin Ligases In Vitro and In Planta

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活性化RING E3/E2-SUMO複合体で基板を捕獲する

Frederick C Streich, Christopher D Lima

    Nature
    |August 12, 2016
    PubMed
    まとめ
    この要約は機械生成です。

    研究者は,E3リガスがE2酵素特異性を翻訳後のタンパク質改変にどのように変化させるかを明らかにした. この構造的洞察は,E3リガスがどのように基質をE2活性部位にユビキチン化およびSUMOylationに導いているかを明らかにします.

    さらに関連する動画

    In Vitro SUMOylation Assay to Study SUMO E3 Ligase Activity
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    関連する実験動画

    Last Updated: Mar 16, 2026

    Functional Characterization of RING-Type E3 Ubiquitin Ligases In Vitro and In Planta
    10:27

    Functional Characterization of RING-Type E3 Ubiquitin Ligases In Vitro and In Planta

    Published on: December 5, 2019

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    In Vitro SUMOylation Assay to Study SUMO E3 Ligase Activity
    09:45

    In Vitro SUMOylation Assay to Study SUMO E3 Ligase Activity

    Published on: January 29, 2018

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    In Vitro Analysis of E3 Ubiquitin Ligase Function
    06:06

    In Vitro Analysis of E3 Ubiquitin Ligase Function

    Published on: May 14, 2021

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    科学分野:

    • 生物化学
    • 分子生物学
    • 構造生物学

    背景:

    • ユビキチン (Ub) およびユビキチン類似の (Ubl) タンパク質による翻訳後のタンパク質改変は,重要な細胞プロセスを調節する.
    • 増殖細胞核抗原 (PCNA) は,UbまたはSUMOによって特定のライシン残留物でDNA修復と細胞サイクル制御を媒介する.

    研究 の 目的:

    • E3/E2-Ubl複合体による基質認識と改変の構造的基礎を解明する.
    • Siz1のようなE3リガスが,PCNAのような基板上のターゲットライシン残基に対するE2酵素特異性をどのように変化させるかを理解する.

    主な方法:

    • E3/E2-Ubl/基板複合体を安定させるための設計されたE2タンパク質とクロスリンク戦略を使用した.
    • 複雑な相互作用を視覚化するために構造的決定技術を使用しました.

    主要な成果:

    • E3/E2Ubl/基板複合体のスナップショットをキャプチャし,E3媒介基板ターゲティングのメカニズムを明らかにしました.
    • E3リガスがE2特異性を無視して基質ライシン改変を容易にする方法を示した.

    結論:

    • この研究は,E3リガスがユビキチン化およびSUMOylation経路における基板特異性をどのように決定するかの構造的メカニズムを提供します.
    • この研究は,PCNA改変の調節とDNA損傷反応におけるその役割についての洞察を提供します.