ホームレスに対するホームレス防止プログラムの影響
William N Evans1, James X Sullivan2, Melanie Wallskog3
1Department of Economics, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA. National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA. Wilson Sheehan Lab for Economic Opportunities, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA.
まとめ
一時的な財政援助は ホームレスになるリスクを大幅に軽減します 研究によると この支援によって シェルターへの入居率が 76%低下し 社会的利益が大きくなります
科学分野:
- 社会科学
- 経済学
- 公共政策
背景:
- 一時的な財政援助プログラムは,ホームレス化を防ぐことを目的としています.
- これらのプログラムの有効性に関する証拠は限られている.
- このようなプログラムへの資金提供はしばしば不安定です.
研究 の 目的:
- 住居のない人の予防に臨時的な財政援助が与える影響を評価する.
- 援助プログラムの資源配分に対する資金の変動の影響を分析する.
- ホームレス化を防ぐための財政援助の費用対効果を推定する.
主な方法:
- シカゴ (2010年−2012年,n=4448) の支援を求める個人データを活用した.
- 資金を得ている家族と 資金がない家族を比較する 準実験的アプローチが採用されました
- ホームレスシェルターに入れる確率を 分析した
主要な成果:
- ホームレスシェルターに入れる確率は 76%減少しました
- 一人のホームレスになるのを防ぐための費用は 約1万300ドルでした
- 健康 保険 を 含ん で は い ませ ん が,一人当たり 2万 ドル を 超える と 推定 さ れ て い まし た.
結論:
- 一時的な財政援助はホームレス防止の効果的な手段です.
- 特に低所得層への 給付をターゲットにすることで 費用を削減できます
- 資金援助を通じてホームレス化を防ぐ社会的利益は 費用を大幅に上回ります
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