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関連する概念動画

What is Biodiversity?01:19

What is Biodiversity?

34.6K
Biodiversity describes the variety of living things at multiple organizational levels: genetic, species and ecosystem diversity. Species diversity includes all branches of the evolutionary tree from single-celled prokaryotic organisms, bacteria, and archaea, to the eukaryotic kingdoms: plants; animals; fungi; and protists. To date, there have been about 1.75 million species identified, and new species are discovered every week.
34.6K
Trophic Levels01:35

Trophic Levels

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All organisms in an ecosystem occupy a trophic level in the food chain. The lowest level consists of primary producers, which synthesize their food from either solar or chemical energy. Each subsequent level obtains energy from the levels below. Detritivores can occupy any of the levels above primary producers.
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Trophic Efficiency00:46

Trophic Efficiency

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Trophic level transfer efficiency (TLTE) is a measure of the total energy transfer from one trophic level to the next. Due to extensive energy loss as metabolic heat, an average of only 10% of the original energy obtained is passed on to the next level. This pattern of energy loss severely limits the possible number of trophic levels in a food chain.
25.7K
Levels of Organization01:09

Levels of Organization

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Biological organization is the classification of biological structures, ranging from atoms at the bottom of the hierarchy to the Earth's biosphere. Each level of the hierarchy represents an increase in complexity that builds upon the previous level.
Molecules Are Composed of Atoms, and Biomolecules Are Assembled from Molecules:
The most basic levels include atoms, molecules, and biomolecules. Atoms, the smallest unit of ordinary matter, are composed of a nucleus and electrons. Molecules...
143.9K
What is an Ecosystem?01:17

What is an Ecosystem?

48.0K
Overview
48.0K
Threats to Biodiversity01:50

Threats to Biodiversity

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There have been five major extinction events throughout geological history, resulting in the elimination of biodiversity, followed by a rebound of species that adapted to the new conditions. In the current geological epoch, the Holocene, there is a sixth extinction event in progress. This mass extinction has been attributed to human activities and is thus provisionally called the Anthropocene. In 2019 the human population reached 7.7 billion people and is projected to comprise 10 billion by...
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関連する実験動画

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JenaTron - An Experimental Approach to Study the Effects of Plant History and Soil History on Grassland Ecosystem Functioning
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生態系の多機能性には,多種多様な栄養層の生物多様性が必要です.

Santiago Soliveres, Fons van der Plas, Peter Manning

    Nature
    |August 18, 2016
    PubMed
    まとめ

    多種多様性 (多種多様性) は,単一群の多様性よりも生態系サービスを強化します. この多種多様な生物は,現実の草原の生態系の機能と多機能性にとって極めて重要です.

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    Experimental Protocol for Manipulating Plant-induced Soil Heterogeneity
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    関連する実験動画

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    Experimental Protocol for Manipulating Plant-induced Soil Heterogeneity
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    Experimental Protocol for Manipulating Plant-induced Soil Heterogeneity

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    科学分野:

    • エコロジー
    • 生物多様性科学
    • 生態系サービス

    背景:

    • 生物多様性の減少は人間の幸福のために不可欠な生態系サービスを損なう.
    • 以前の実験では 生態系を過度に単純化し 単一のトロフィック群に 焦点を当てていました
    • 一つのトロフィックグループの機能的影響は他のものに依存し,より広い視野を必要とします.

    研究 の 目的:

    • マルチトロフィック種の豊かさ/豊富さと生態系サービス/多機能性の関係を分析する.
    • マルチトロフィックの富と単一グループの富が生態系機能に与える影響を比較する.
    • リアルな草原の多種多様性の影響を評価する.

    主な方法:

    • 9つのトロフィック群 (4,600種) にわたる種の豊かさと豊富さの分析.
    • 14の生態系サービスの評価とその同時提供 (多機能性)
    • 150の草原の生態系で実施された研究で,非生物的条件と土地利用を考慮した.

    主要な成果:

    • マルチトロフィックの富は生態系サービスと多機能性を大幅に高め,単一グループの富を上回った.
    • 各生態系サービスには平均3つのトロフィックグループが影響した.
    • マルチトロフィックの豊かさは支援サービスに好影響を及ぼし,富は規制と文化サービスに恩恵をもたらした.
    • マルチトロフィック生物多様性の生態系機能への影響は,アビオティックな要因と土地使用の強度に匹敵していました.

    結論:

    • 生物多様性の機能的重要性を過小評価しています.
    • マルチトロフィックの富と豊富さは生態系の機能とサービス提供の主要な原動力です.
    • 保存と管理の戦略は,堅固な生態系サービスのために複数のトロフィック群の多様性を考慮する必要があります.