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関連する概念動画

Batteries and Fuel Cells03:12

Batteries and Fuel Cells

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A battery is a galvanic cell that is used as a source of electrical power for specific applications. Modern batteries exist in a multitude of forms to accommodate various applications, from tiny button batteries such as those that power wristwatches to the very large batteries used to supply backup energy to municipal power grids. Some batteries are designed for single-use applications and cannot be recharged (primary cells), while others are based on conveniently reversible cell reactions that...
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Electrochemical Cells01:28

Electrochemical Cells

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Electrochemical cells are systems that convert chemical energy into electrical energy or use electrical energy to drive chemical reactions. They consist of two electrodes in contact with an electrolyte, where redox reactions enable electron transfer. Most electrochemical cells include two half-cells connected by an external wire for electron flow and a salt bridge for ion flow. The salt bridge contains an electrolyte solution and maintains charge neutrality by allowing ions—not...
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Spontaneous Chemical Reactions
Spontaneous redox reactions occur abundantly in nature. The chemical reaction occurring in a disposable AA battery powering our remote controls is one such example of a spontaneous redox reaction. Another example is the immersion of coiled copper wire into an aqueous silver nitrate solution. The reaction shows a gradual, visually impressive color change from colorless to bright blue and the formation of a grey precipitate on the copper wire. In this experiment,...
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In a galvanic cell, the electrical work is done by a redox system on its surroundings as electrons produced by the spontaneous redox reactions are transferred through an external circuit. Alternatively, an external circuit does work on a redox system by imposing a voltage sufficient to drive an otherwise nonspontaneous reaction in a process known as electrolysis. For instance, recharging a battery involves the use of an external power source to drive the spontaneous (discharge) cell reaction in...
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The electrode interacts with ions in the electrolyte solution at its interface. The rate of oxidation and reduction depends on the speed at which electrons can transfer through this interface. As ions attach to or leave the electrode surface, the electrode acquires a charge, and an electrical potential forms across the interface, making the process more difficult to reach equilibrium. The charge on the electrode affects the local ion concentrations in the solution, though thermal motion...
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Electrochemical Systems01:24

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Electrochemical systems provide a fascinating insight into the dynamic interplay of charged species within various phases. One notable example is the interaction between a membrane permeable to K⁺ ions but not to Cl⁻ ions, separating an aqueous KCl solution from pure water. As K⁺ ions diffuse through the membrane, they generate net charges on each phase, leading to a potential difference between them.Similarly, when a piece of Zn is immersed in an aqueous ZnSO₄ solution,...
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Development and Validation of Chromium Getters for Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Power Systems
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固体オキシド細胞の電解活性への切り替え

Jae-Ha Myung1, Dragos Neagu1, David N Miller1

  • 1School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST, UK.

Nature
|August 23, 2016
PubMed
まとめ
この要約は機械生成です。

固体酸化物電池 (SOC) は現在,高い性能と耐久性を提供しています. 単一燃料電池と電解用ナノ構造を迅速に成長させ,製造を簡素化しています.

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Development and Validation of Chromium Getters for Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Power Systems
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Probing and Mapping Electrode Surfaces in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells
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On the Preparation and Testing of Fuel Cell Catalysts Using the Thin Film Rotating Disk Electrode Method
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科学分野:

  • 材料科学
  • 電気化学
  • エネルギー変換

背景:

  • 固体酸化物電池 (SOC) は,燃料電池または電解電池として動作する効率的なエネルギー変換装置です.
  • 高性能,耐久性,コスト効率の良い製造を実現することは大きな課題です.
  • 電極製造の現在の方法は,しばしば長く,複雑で,ex situであり,分解の問題につながります.

研究 の 目的:

  • 高性能のSOC電極を製造するための新しい迅速な方法を開発する.
  • 統一された燃料電池と電解装置の実現可能性を実証する.
  • SOCの性能と長寿を高めるために,電極ナノ構造のインオペラント合成を調査する.

主な方法:

  • SOCを2ボルトで数秒間電気化学的にポリングし,酸化還元解離を誘導する.
  • オキシード電極に固定された金属ナノ粒子の成長.
  • 燃料電池と電解の両方のモードで900°Cで製造された電極の性能試験.

主要な成果:

  • 精密に分散した金属ナノ粒子を 電子表面に成功裏に固定しました
  • 燃料電池モードでは高電力密度 (2W/cm2) と,電解モードでは高電流密度 (2.75 A/cm2) を達成した.
  • 150時間のテストで劣化せずに安定した性能を示した.

結論:

  • 電気化学的なポリングによるナノマテリアルの合成は,高性能のSOC電極への迅速かつ効果的な経路を提供します.
  • この方法により,燃料電池と電解の機能を単一の汎用デバイスで統合できます.
  • このアプローチは,単純で費用対効果の高い製造と,SOCの潜在的現地再生を容易にする.