制限された食事はDNA修復欠陥マウスの加速老化とゲノムストレスを遅らせます
W P Vermeij1, M E T Dollé2, E Reiling1,2
1Department of Molecular Genetics, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Nature
|August 25, 2016
まとめ
食事制限はDNA修復の欠陥のあるマウスの寿命を大幅に延長し 老化を遅らせます この介入はニューロンを保存し 運動機能を維持し DNAの損傷を軽減し 老化と潜在的な治療法への洞察をもたらします
科学分野:
- 遺伝学 と 分子 生物学
- 老化に関する研究
- DNA 修復 メカニズム
背景:
- Ercc1遺伝子の欠陥 (Ercc1Δ/-) を有するマウスは老化を加速し,寿命が短縮される.
- これらのマウスは,食事制限の抗老化効果に似た"生存反応"を示しています.
- DNA修復の欠陥はゲノム不安定と 早期老化現象を引き起こします
研究 の 目的:
- プロゲロイドマウスの寿命と老化特征に対する食事制限の影響を調査する.
- DNA修復欠陥モデルにおける食事制限の利点の背後にある分子メカニズムを探求する.
- プロゲロイド症候群の治療介入として食事制限の可能性を評価する.
主な方法:
- Ercc1Δ/ - と Xpg/ - のマウスに30%の食事制限を施す.
- 制限された群と任意の群の間の寿命,神経細胞数,運動機能,DNA損傷マーカー (γH2AX焦点) の比較.
- 遺伝子の発現パターンを分析し,特に長い遺伝子の発現を異なる組織で分析する.
主要な成果:
- 食事制限はErcc1Δ/- マウスの平均寿命と最大寿命を3倍にしました.
- 制限されたマウスは ニューロンの数が保たれ 運動機能が維持された.
- 食事制限はDNA損傷の焦点を減少させ,老化組織で観察された長い遺伝子発現の減少を防止しました.
結論:
- ダイエット制限はDNA修復不全のマウスの 加速した老化を遅らせる強力な介入です
- この介入は,DNAの損傷を軽減し,転写出力を維持することによって,ゲノム機能を保ちます.
- Ercc1Δ/- マウスモデルは,健康維持の介入を研究し,食事制限の分子基盤を理解するために価値があります.
さらに関連する動画
08:46Studying Age-dependent Genomic Instability using the S. cerevisiae Chronological Lifespan Model
Published on: September 29, 2011
16.1K
11:24Measuring DNA Damage and Repair in Mouse Splenocytes After Chronic In Vivo Exposure to Very Low Doses of Beta- and Gamma-Radiation
Published on: July 3, 2015
11.6K
関連する概念動画
DNA Damage can Stall the Cell Cycle
10.3K
In response to DNA damage, cells can pause the cell cycle to assess and repair the breaks. However, the cell must check the DNA at certain critical stages during the cell cycle. If the cell cycle pauses before DNA replication, the cells will contain twice the amount of DNA. On the other hand, if cells arrest after DNA replication but before mitosis, they will contain four times the normal amount of DNA. With a host of specialized proteins at their disposal,cells must use the right protein at...
10.3K
DNA Damage Can Stall the Cell Cycle
3.3K
In response to DNA damage, cells can pause the cell cycle to assess and repair the breaks. However, the cell must check the DNA at certain critical stages during the cell cycle. If the cell cycle pauses before DNA replication, the cells will contain twice the amount of DNA. On the other hand, if cells arrest after DNA replication but before mitosis, they will contain four times the normal amount of DNA. With a host of specialized proteins at their disposal,cells must use the right protein at...
3.3K
Nucleotide Excision Repair
5.6K
DNA Distortion and Damage
Cells are regularly exposed to mutagens—factors in the environment that can damage DNA and generate mutations. UV radiation is one of the most common mutagens and is estimated to introduce a significant number of changes in DNA. These include bends or kinks in the structure, which can block DNA replication or transcription. If these errors are not fixed, the damage can cause mutations, which in turn can result in cancer or disease depending on which sequences are...
Cells are regularly exposed to mutagens—factors in the environment that can damage DNA and generate mutations. UV radiation is one of the most common mutagens and is estimated to introduce a significant number of changes in DNA. These include bends or kinks in the structure, which can block DNA replication or transcription. If these errors are not fixed, the damage can cause mutations, which in turn can result in cancer or disease depending on which sequences are...
5.6K
Other Unique Bacteria
529
Magnetic bacteria exhibit a directed movement called magnetotaxis, driven by structures called magnetosomes. These magnetosomes consist of chains of magnetic particles made of either magnetite (Fe₃O₄) or greigite (Fe₃S₄) and are organized in a linear conformation by a protein scaffold within invaginations of the cell membrane. The bacteria align along the north–south magnetic field lines, much like a compass needle. They are typically microaerophilic or anaerobic...
529
Overview of DNA Repair
34.7K
In order to be passed through generations, genomic DNA must be undamaged and error-free. However, every day, DNA in a cell undergoes several thousand to a million damaging events by natural causes and external factors. Ionizing radiation such as UV rays, free radicals produced during cellular respiration, and hydrolytic damage from metabolic reactions can alter the structure of DNA. Damages caused include single-base alteration, base dimerization, chain breaks, and cross-linkage.
Chemically...
Chemically...
34.7K
