m(6) RNAメチル化はXIST媒介による転写抑制を促進する
Deepak P Patil1, Chun-Kan Chen2, Brian F Pickering1
1Department of Pharmacology, Weill-Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, New York 10065, USA.
Nature
|September 8, 2016
まとめ
長い非コーディングRNAのXISTはRBM15/RBM15Bによってメチル化され,遺伝子の静止に影響を与えます. YTHDC1はこれらのマークを認識し,トランスクリプション抑制におけるXIST機能に不可欠であることが証明された.
科学分野:
- エピジェネティクス
- RNA 生物学
- 遺伝子規制
背景:
- 長い非コーディングRNAのXIST (X-無活性特異トランスクリプト) は,X染色体の無活性化と遺伝子サイレンスに不可欠です.
- N6-メチラデノシン (m6A) は一般的なRNA変異であるが,長い非コーディングRNA (lncRNAs) の役割はほとんど未知のままである.
研究 の 目的:
- XIST媒介による転写サイレンスにおけるm6A変異の役割とメカニズムを調査する.
- XISTのm6A形成と認識に関与するタンパク質を特定する.
主な方法:
- XISTのm6Aサイトをマッピングするために,RNAの免疫降水と,その後のシーケンシング (RIP-seq) が行われます.
- siRNAを用いたノックダウン実験で,RBM15,RBM15B,METTL3,YTHDC1の機能を評価する.
- YTHDC1の人工結合を用いたRNA結合試験と機能的救済実験.
主要な成果:
- XISTは,ヒト細胞に少なくとも78m6Aの残留物を含有して,広範にメチル化されています.
- RNA結合モチーフタンパク質15 (RBM15) とRBM15Bは,m6Aメチルトランスフェラーゼ複合体を勧誘することによって,XISTおよび細胞mRNAのm6A形成を媒介する.
- RBM15,RBM15B,またはMETTL3のノックダウンは,XIST媒介の遺伝子静止を損なう.
- YTHDC1はXIST上のm6A残基に優先的に結合し,その機能に不可欠である.
- YTHDC1とXISTの人工結合は,m6Aが存在しない場合にサイレントを救います.
結論:
- RBM15/RBM15Bによるm6A形成とYTHDC1による認識を含む新しい経路は,XIST媒介による転写抑制に不可欠である.
- この研究は,IncRNAの調節と遺伝子静止におけるm6Aの機能的重要性を明らかにしている.
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