酵母の中央炭素代謝を工業用イソプレノイド生産のために書き換える
Adam L Meadows1, Kristy M Hawkins1, Yoseph Tsegaye1
1Amyris, 5885 Hollis Street, Suite 100, Emeryville, California 94608, USA.
Nature
|September 23, 2016
まとめ
遺伝子組み換え酵母では 25%のベータファルネセンが作られ 糖分が減り 75%の酸素が使用されます このメタボリック・リワイヤリングは 価値ある化学物質の 費用対効果の高い大規模バイオ生産を可能にします
科学分野:
- メタボリック・エンジニアリング
- 合成生物学
- 産業用バイオテクノロジー
背景:
- バイオベースの経済の発展には,石油由来製品の持続可能な代替手段が必要です.
- Saccharomyces cerevisiaeは以前はアルテミシン酸の生産のために設計されていたが,その本来のイソプレノイド経路は工業的な拡張性を制限している.
- ベータファルネゼン (C15H24) は,セスクイターペンの様々な産業用途がありますが,酵母における生産上の課題に直面しています.
研究 の 目的:
- 中央の炭素代謝を最適化することで,サッカロミセセレヴィゼのベータファルネセンの生成を強化する.
- アセチルコエンザイムA (アセチル-CoA) 生物合成の効率を向上させるため,イソプレノイドの主要な前駆体である.
- 産業規模での発酵に必要な収穫量,生産性,酸素の制限を克服する.
主な方法:
- 4つの非本来の代謝反応を用いて,S. cerevisiaeの中央炭素代謝を再生する.
- ATPとCO2の損失を軽減した細胞酸アセチル-CoAの生産を向上させるためのエンジニアリング.
- より効率的な生物合成のための経路のリドックスバランスを改善します.
- 工業的な発酵条件下で設計された株の性能を評価する.
主要な成果:
- 遺伝子組み換え酵母菌株は,対照菌株と比較して同じ量の砂糖から25%のベータファルネセンを生産しました.
- 改造された株は酸素を75%必要とし,発酵コストを大幅に削減しました.
- 産業用条件下では2週間強固な成長と安定したベータファルネゼン産量 (体積15%以上) が維持された.
- メタボリックリワイヤリングはATPの需要とCO2への炭素の損失を減少させました
結論:
- 酵母の中央代謝の再配線は,β-ファルネセンのようなアセチル-コア由来分子の費用対効果の高い大規模生産のための実行可能な戦略です.
- 工学的に改良された菌株は 工業用途に適した効率と生産性を示しています
- このアプローチは 価値ある化学物質の生産に 持続可能な代替手段を提供することで 石油への依存を減らすことができます
さらに関連する動画
12:47Workflow Based on the Combination of Isotopic Tracer Experiments to Investigate Microbial Metabolism of Multiple Nutrient Sources
Published on: January 22, 2018
10.0K
14:53Techniques for the Evolution of Robust Pentose-fermenting Yeast for Bioconversion of Lignocellulose to Ethanol
Published on: October 24, 2016
12.0K
関連する概念動画
Biosynthesis of Lipids
822
Microbial membranes exhibit remarkable diversity in lipid composition, reflecting evolutionary adaptations to various environmental conditions. The three domains of life—Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya—synthesize membrane lipids through distinct biosynthetic pathways, leading to fundamental structural differences that impact membrane stability, function, and adaptability.Fatty Acid-Based Lipids in Bacteria and EukaryaBacteria and eukaryotes share a common fatty acid biosynthesis...
822
Microbial Fermentation
1.8K
Fermentation is a crucial anaerobic metabolic process that enables microbes to derive energy from sugar without relying on oxygen or an electron transport chain. This process is fundamental to various biological and industrial applications and is classified based on the metabolic products generated.Role of Pyruvate in FermentationPyruvate and its derivatives serve as key electron acceptors in fermentative pathways. The oxidation of NADH to regenerate NAD+ is essential for the continuation of...
1.8K
Biosynthesis in Bacteria
921
Biosynthesis in bacteria is a fundamental anabolic process that generates essential macromolecules, including proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, and polysaccharides. These macromolecules are critical for cellular growth, replication, and function. The process is tightly regulated and energetically linked to catabolic pathways to ensure optimal resource utilization.Biosynthetic pathways begin with precursor metabolites such as pyruvate, acetyl-CoA, and glucose-6-phosphate derived from glycolysis,...
921
Fates of Pyruvate
12.0K
Pyruvate is the end product of glycolysis, where glucose is oxidized to pyruvate, simultaneously reducing NAD+ to NADH. Two molecules of ATP are also produced by substrate-level phosphorylation.
In aerobic organisms, pyruvate is metabolized via the citric acid cycle to produce reduced coenzymes NADH and FADH2. These coenzymes are then oxidized in the electron transport chain to produce ATP and, in the process, regenerate the NAD+ and FAD. As seen in some cell types and organisms, fermentation...
In aerobic organisms, pyruvate is metabolized via the citric acid cycle to produce reduced coenzymes NADH and FADH2. These coenzymes are then oxidized in the electron transport chain to produce ATP and, in the process, regenerate the NAD+ and FAD. As seen in some cell types and organisms, fermentation...
12.0K
Biosynthesis of Polysaccharides
850
Polysaccharides such as glycogen and starch are synthesized from nucleoside diphosphate sugars, primarily uridine diphosphate glucose (UDPG) and adenosine diphosphate glucose (ADPG). These activated glucose donors act as key intermediates in carbohydrate metabolism and biosynthesis. UDPG primarily involves glycogen synthesis in animals and many bacteria, while ADPG plays a fundamental role in starch synthesis in plants and certain bacteria.UDPG is formed when glucose-1-phosphate reacts with...
850
Metabolism of Chemolithotrophs
1.1K
Chemolithotrophs are microorganisms that obtain energy by oxidizing inorganic molecules such as hydrogen gas (H₂), ammonia (NH₃), reduced sulfur compounds (H₂S, S²⁻), and ferrous iron (Fe²⁺). Unlike heterotrophic organisms that rely on organic carbon, chemolithotrophs transfer electrons from these inorganic donors to the electron transport chain (ETC), generating a proton motive force (PMF) that drives ATP synthesis through oxidative phosphorylation.
1.1K
