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時計によるバソプレシン神経伝達が睡眠前の渇きを媒介する
C Gizowski1, C Zaelzer1, C W Bourque1
1Centre for Research in Neuroscience and Brain Repair and Integrative Neuroscience Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, 1650 Cedar Avenue, Montreal H3G 1A4, Canada.
Nature
|September 30, 2016
まとめ
ネズミは生理的な欲求ではなく 中央時計によって 渇きを予期します SCNニューロンからのバソプレシンは,夜間の水分補給と水分ミネラルバランスの維持に不可欠な水分摂取を促進します.
科学分野:
- 神経科学
- クロノバイオロジー
- 生理学
背景:
- 昼夜リズムで動物は 24時間間の光と闇のサイクルに適応します
- 上核 (SCN) 時計の分子メカニズムは知られていますが,下流の行動要因は知られていません.
- SCNは睡眠と覚醒のサイクルを含む様々な生理学的プロセスと行動を制御します
研究 の 目的:
- SCNクロックニューロンが行動リズムを駆動するメカニズムを調査し,特に水の摂取に焦点を当てます.
- SCNが渇きを予測する行動を 集中的に制御するかどうかを判断する.
- SCN主導の水分摂取に関与する特定の神経経路と神経伝達物質を特定する.
主な方法:
- 睡眠期間に関連した水分摂取パターンを研究するためにマウスモデルを使用した.
- SCNのヴァソプレシン (VP) ニューロン活動を操作するために光遺伝学を使用した.
- 血管膜末端器官 (OVLT) のニューロン活動とVP V1a受容体の役割について研究した.
主要な成果:
- SCNニューロンは,生理的な必要性とは無関係に,睡眠期前の水分摂取の急増を促進します.
- この予期的な水分摂取は,夜間の水分鉱物バランスを維持するために不可欠です.
- SCNバソプレシン (VP) ニューロンは,OVLTの渇望ニューロンに投射され,VPをV1a受容体を通して神経伝達物質として放出します.
結論:
- 研究によると 渇きを予期することは 中央から制御される行動です
- SCNニューロンから放出されたヴァソプレシンが 渇きと水分摂取を誘導します
- このメカニズムは,水分と生理学的バランスを調節する中央時計の新たな役割を強調しています.
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