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関連する概念動画

The Quantum-Mechanical Model of an Atom02:45

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Shortly after de Broglie published his ideas that the electron in a hydrogen atom could be better thought of as being a circular standing wave instead of a particle moving in quantized circular orbits, Erwin Schrödinger extended de Broglie’s work by deriving what is now known as the Schrödinger equation. When Schrödinger applied his equation to hydrogen-like atoms, he was able to reproduce Bohr’s expression for the energy and, thus, the Rydberg formula governing hydrogen spectra.
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The Uncertainty Principle04:08

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Werner Heisenberg considered the limits of how accurately one can measure properties of an electron or other microscopic particles. He determined that there is a fundamental limit to how accurately one can measure both a particle’s position and its momentum simultaneously. The more accurate the measurement of the momentum of a particle is known, the less accurate the position at that time is known and vice versa. This is what is now called the Heisenberg uncertainty principle. He...
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First Law: Particles in One-dimensional Equilibrium01:10

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Newton's first law of motion states that a body at rest remains at rest, or if in motion, remains in motion at constant velocity, unless acted on by a net external force. It also states that there must be a cause for any change in velocity (a change in either magnitude or direction) to occur. This cause is a net external force. For example, consider what happens to an object sliding along a rough horizontal surface. The object quickly grinds to a halt, due to the net force of friction. If...
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In the macroscopic world, objects that are large enough to be seen by the naked eye follow the rules of classical physics. A billiard ball moving on a table will behave like a particle; it will continue traveling in a straight line unless it collides with another ball, or it is acted on by some other force, such as friction. The ball has a well-defined position and velocity or well-defined momentum, p = mv, which is defined by mass m and velocity v at any given moment. This is the typical...
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Classical Mechanics01:12

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Classical mechanics provides a mathematical description of the motion of bodies under the influence of forces. A key principle within this field is the work-energy theorem, which establishes a bridge between the net work done on an object and its kinetic energy.The work-energy theorem states that the net work done on a particle by all the forces acting on it equals the change in its kinetic energy.In simple terms, the work-energy theorem is a method to analyze the effects of forces on an...
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First Law: Particles in Two-dimensional Equilibrium01:18

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Recall that a particle in equilibrium is one for which the external forces are balanced. Static equilibrium involves objects at rest, and dynamic equilibrium involves objects in motion without acceleration; but it is important to remember that these conditions are relative. For instance, an object may be at rest when viewed from one frame of reference, but that same object would appear to be in motion when viewed by someone moving at a constant velocity.
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Quantum State Engineering of Light with Continuous-wave Optical Parametric Oscillators
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量子ダイナミクスは,同時に測定された非通行観測物

Shay Hacohen-Gourgy1,2, Leigh S Martin1,2,3, Emmanuel Flurin1,2

  • 1Quantum Nanoelectronics Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.

Nature
|October 6, 2016
PubMed
まとめ

ハイゼンベルクの不確実性原理は,移動しない観測物の同時に測定する過程で,量子状態のダイナミクスを支配する. これは新しい拡散ダイナミクスにつながり,交代的な測定なしで量子状態トモグラフィーを可能にします.

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科学分野:

  • 量子力学
  • 量子情報科学

背景:

  • 量子測定は通常 波動の崩壊を引き起こし 精密な結果が得られます
  • ハイゼンベルクの不確実性原理は,位置とモメンタムなどの非通行観測値の同時精度を本質的に制限します.

研究 の 目的:

  • 量子状態のダイナミクスを探求する. 量子状態のダイナミクスを探求する.
  • 測定による干渉に対する不確実性原理によって課される限界を実験的に調査する.

主な方法:

  • 超伝導量子ビットに2つの連続量子非破壊プローブを同時に適用する.
  • 量子ビットを複数のキャビティモードに接続することで複数の読み出しチャネルを実装します.
  • 相対相による測定観測値を制御するために"単一の二乗"測定技術を使用します.

主要な成果:

  • 不確実性原理が測定による干渉の下限を規定することを証明した.
  • 量子状態ダイナミクスの移行を観測した. 波関数の崩壊から持続的な拡散 (局所化および同位体) に,測定は通勤から非通勤観測物へと移行した.
  • 量子状態トモグラフィを交互に測定することなく,タイムオーダーされた測定記録を介して,両非通行観測物に関する情報を抽出しました.

結論:

  • この研究は,不確実性原理によって支配される新しい量子状態のダイナミクスを,同時に通行しない測定で明らかにした.
  • 開発された技術は,状態浄化,適応測定,エラー修正を含む量子制御のための新しい能力を提供します.
  • 量子基礎を研究するための枠組みを提供し,その環境と非通勤の自由度で相互作用するシステムです.