経済的,人道 的,宗教 的 な 関心 が 難民 に 対する ヨーロッパ 人 の 態度 を 形作っ て いる
Kirk Bansak1, Jens Hainmueller2, Dominik Hangartner3
1Department of Political Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305-6044, USA. Immigration Policy Lab, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305-6044, USA and University of Zurich, 8050 Zurich, Switzerland.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|October 7, 2016
まとめ
ヨーロッパの有権者は 雇用可能性が高く 一貫した証言があり 深刻な脆弱性があり イスラム教徒よりも キリスト教を好むのです 難民受け入れに関する世論は 経済的,人道的,宗教的な偏見によって 国民と国々の間で 広く意見が一致しています
科学分野:
- 社会心理学
- 政治科学
- 世論調査
背景:
- 効果的な移民政策には 亡命希望者に対する国民の態度を理解することが不可欠です
- 過去の研究では 難民の特徴によって 受け入れが異なることが示されています
- 欧州の世論に影響を与える特質を調査することが不可欠です.
研究 の 目的:
- 欧州の有権者の受け入れに影響を与える 難民の特徴を特定する
- 経済的可能性,人道的懸念,宗教的な偏見の役割を分析する.
- 異なる人口集団とヨーロッパ諸国の間でこれらの好みの一貫性を評価する.
主な方法:
- 15カ国の18000人の 有権者が参加した大規模な共同実験です
- 18万人の仮説的な亡命者のプロフィールと ランダムに変化した属性の評価
- 公的支援に大きく影響する要素を特定するための統計分析
主要な成果:
- 公的支援は 雇用可能性が高く 安定した証言があり 深刻な脆弱性を持つ 亡命希望者に対して 最も高いのです
- キリスト教徒の亡命希望者は イスラム教徒の亡命希望者に比べて より多くの支援を受けた.
- 年齢,教育,収入,政治的イデオロギー,調査対象の国々において,好みは一貫していました.
結論:
- 難民に対する欧州国民の好みは 経済的,人道的,反イスラムの偏見によって形作られています
- 受け入れられる難民の種類については 注目すべきコンセンサスがある.
- この発見は,亡命政策と世論の理論的理解に重大な影響を及ぼします.
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