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関連する概念動画

piRNA - Piwi-interacting RNAs02:57

piRNA - Piwi-interacting RNAs

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PIWI-interacting RNAs, or piRNAs, are the most abundant short non-coding RNAs. More than 20,000 genes have been found in humans that code for piRNAs while only 2000 genes have been found for miRNAs. piRNAs can act at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels and have a vital role in silencing transposable elements present in germ cells. They are also involved in epigenetic silencing and activation. Previously, they were thought to function only in germ cells but new evidence suggests...
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Cloning of Dolly the Sheep01:08

Cloning of Dolly the Sheep

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The first successfully cloned mammal was Dolly, a sheep, born on 5th July 1996 at Roslin Institute, Scotland. The cloned sheep was named after the American singer Dolly Parton. Dolly lived for seven years and died of respiratory complications, which is speculated to be due to the actual age of her DNA. Because the DNA in cloned cells belongs to an older individual,  the cloned individual’s life expectancy may be affected. Indeed, analysis of Dolly’s DNA revealed shorter...
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Piaget's Stage 1 of Cognitive Development01:14

Piaget's Stage 1 of Cognitive Development

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The sensorimotor stage, the initial phase of Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive development, spans the first two years of a child's life. During this period, infants actively engage with their surroundings, building cognitive awareness through direct interaction with the world. This interaction is primarily based on sensory perception and motor actions, allowing infants to gradually understand basic physical properties and predict how objects interact within their environment.
Exploration...
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Pinocytosis00:43

Pinocytosis

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Cells use energy-requiring bulk transport mechanisms to transfer large particles, or large amounts of small particles, into or out of the cell. The cells envelop the particles in spherical membranes called vesicles or vacuoles. Vesicles that transport material into the cell are built from the cell membrane. These vesicles encapsulate external molecules and transport them into the cell in a process called endocytosis.
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Pinocytosis00:38

Pinocytosis

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Cells use energy-requiring bulk transport mechanisms to transfer large particles or large numbers of small particles into or out of the cell. The cells envelop the particles in spherical membranes called vesicles or vacuoles. Vesicles that transport material into the cell are built from the cell membrane. These vesicles encapsulate external molecules and transport them into the cell in a process called endocytosis.
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Binary Fission01:20

Binary Fission

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Fission is the division of a single entity into two or more parts, which regenerate into separate entities that resemble the original. Organisms in the Archaea and Bacteria domains reproduce using binary fission, in which a parent cell splits into two parts that can each grow to the size of the original parent cell. This asexual method of reproduction produces cells that are all genetically identical.
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Updated: Mar 14, 2026

A Noninvasive Hair Sampling Technique to Obtain High Quality DNA from Elusive Small Mammals
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A Noninvasive Hair Sampling Technique to Obtain High Quality DNA from Elusive Small Mammals

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PIWI は 大きな ステップ を 踏み出さ れる

Yibei Xiao1, Ailong Ke1

  • 1Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, 251 Biotechnology Building, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.

Cell
|October 8, 2016
PubMed
まとめ
この要約は機械生成です。

piRNAと呼ばれる小さなRNAは,PIWIタンパク質を動物繁殖におけるトランポゾン静止に導く. 研究者らは,PIWIタンパク質がpiRNAに結合する最初の結晶構造を明らかにし,この静止メカニズムに関する新しい洞察を提供しました.

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Recording Single Neurons' Action Potentials from Freely Moving Pigeons Across Three Stages of Learning
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科学分野:

  • 分子生物学
  • 遺伝学
  • 構造生物学

背景:

  • PIWIと相互作用するRNA (piRNA) は,動物の生殖系における移植可能な要素を静止するために不可欠である.
  • piRNA誘発サイレンシング複合体 (piRISC) は,複雑な生体生成経路を通じてこのサイレンシングを媒介する.
  • PIWIタンパク質の機能の構造的基礎を理解することは,piRISCの組立と活性を解明する鍵です.

研究 の 目的:

  • ガイドRNAに結合したPIWI-クラードタンパク質の最初の結晶構造を決定する.
  • piRISC複合体におけるPIWIタンパク質の作用前状態に関する構造的洞察を提供すること.

主な方法:

  • 高解像度構造を入手するために,X線結晶学が採用されました.
  • PIWIガイドRNA複合体を特徴付けるために,生化学的および生理学的技術が使用されました.

主要な成果:

  • 結晶構造はPIWIタンパク質を 静止活動に適した形状で示しています
  • この構造は,PIWIタンパク質とガイドpiRNAの間の正確な相互作用を明らかにします.

結論:

  • この構造的研究は,PIWIガイドRNAの相互作用の基礎的な理解を提供します.
  • この発見は,piRISCの形成と機能のメカニズムに関する将来の研究への道を開きます.