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女性生殖器切除に対する文化的態度の変化
Sonja Vogt1, Nadia Ahmed Mohmmed Zaid, Hilal El Fadil Ahmed
1Department of Economics, University of Zurich, 8006 Zurich, Switzerland.
Nature
|October 13, 2016
まとめ
娯楽に基づく文化的進化は 女性の性器切除を減らすことができます スーダンの未成年少女に対する態度が改善されました.
科学分野:
- 社会心理学
- 文化人類学
- 行動経済学
背景:
- 文化紛争はグローバリゼーションから生じ,緩和戦略や文化進化の理解は限られている.
- 女性生殖器切除 (FGC) は数十年にわたる国際的介入にもかかわらず,しばしばそれが地元で根付いているという認識のために継続しています.
- FGCの放棄を促す介入は反発し,文化的な寛容と普遍的な人権のバランスをとるという課題を強調します.
研究 の 目的:
- 文化的対立を緩和し,集団の文化的進化に与える影響を理解するための方法を調査する.
- FGCのような深く根付いた文化的な慣行に対処する際のエンターテインメントベースの介入の有効性を調査する.
- FGCが社会に均一に浸透しているという仮定に挑戦し,文化的変化のための内部的不和を活用する.
主な方法:
- スーダンで4つの娯楽映画を使って 文化的変化の実験をデザインしました
- FGCに対する態度を静かに測定するための暗黙の関連テストを開発しました.
- 映画は,FGCに関する内部の家族紛争を劇的に描き, "地元に浸透した"介入モデルから離れました.
主要な成果:
- 娯楽に基づく介入は 未切除の女の子に対する態度を 大きく改善しました
- ある映画では 人々の態度に 比較的持続的な良い影響があることが示されました
- このアプローチは,文化的な進化のために,地域的に不一致な見解を成功裏に活用しました.
結論:
- 娯楽を通して 文化的な葛藤を劇的に表現することは 応用文化的な進化のための 実行可能な戦略です
- この方法は,FGCのような慣行の変化を促し, 異文化間の分裂を悪化させないことができます.
- 社会内での態度の差異を理解し利用することは 効果的な文化変化の介入の鍵です
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