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RNA 干渉は細胞の静止状態に不可欠である
B Roche1, B Arcangioli2, R A Martienssen3
1Howard Hughes Medical Institute-Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, 1 Bungtown Road, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|October 15, 2016
まとめ
RNA干渉 (RNAi) は,分裂酵母における細胞周期静止 (G0段階) に不可欠である. RNAiミュータントは,G0エントリー欠陥と生命力の低下を示し,RNAiを強調する.
科学分野:
- 細胞生物学
- 分子生物学
- 遺伝学
背景:
- 静止細胞 (G0段階) は,生物の発達と生存に不可欠です.
- 細胞サイクル静止を調節するRNA干渉 (RNAi) の役割は,ほとんど未知のままである.
- 細胞循環の調節を理解することは 発達生物学と疾患の研究に不可欠です
研究 の 目的:
- Schizosaccharomyces pombeの細胞静止に対するRNA干渉 (RNAi) の必要性を調査する.
- RNAiに関連したG0相欠陥の遺伝抑制剤を特定する.
- RNAiが細胞サイクル進行と静止に影響を与える分子機構を解明する.
主な方法:
- Dicer (dcr1Δ) 変異体におけるG0欠陥の抑制剤を特定するための遺伝子スクリーニング
- RNAi欠乏した分裂酵母における細胞活性の分析と細胞サイクル進行.
- RNAポリメラーゼ活動に関連する遺伝子発現パターンとクロマチンの改変の調査.
主要な成果:
- RNA干渉 (RNAi) は,G0エントリーおよび長期の静止期における細胞活性の維持に不可欠である.
- Dicer (dcr1Δ) が欠けている変異体は,G0の入力と維持に重大な欠陥を示している.
- 抑制分析により,染色体分離,RNAポリメラーゼ調節,およびヘテロクロマチン形成に関与する遺伝子が特定されました.
結論:
- RNAiはRNAポリメラーゼの放出を調節することにより,細胞サイクル静止を促進する.
- RNAポリメラーゼIIの放出は,適切な染色体分離のために,セントロメアでヘテロクロマチン形成を促進する.
- RNAポリメラーゼIの放出は,静止状態の維持に不可欠なリボソームDNAにおけるヘテロクロマチンの形成を防ぐ.
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