細胞膜に埋め込まれたVOモーターの原子モデル
Mohammad T Mazhab-Jafari1, Alexis Rohou2, Carla Schmidt3
1Molecular Structure and Function Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario M5G 0A4, Canada.
Nature
|November 4, 2016
まとめ
真空型ATPases (V-ATPases) は,重要な陽子ポンプである. 研究者はV-ATPaseをマッピングしました
科学分野:
- 生物化学
- 構造生物学
- 分子生物学
背景:
- 真空型ATPases (V-ATPases) は,ATPを動かす重要な陽子ポンプである.
- エンドサイトーシス,溶解体分解,イオン輸送を含む細胞の重要なプロセスを制御する.
- 以前のV-ATPasesの構造研究は,酵素の多様性によって制限され,原子モデルの構築を妨げていた.
研究 の 目的:
- V-ATPaseの膜結合VO複合体の高解像度構造を決定する.
- V-ATPaseモーターを通じた陽子の転移のメカニズムを解明する.
- V-ATPase複合体内の新しいサブユニットを特定する.
主な方法:
- VO複合体の ~3.9-Å 解像度マップを取得するために,冷凍電子顕微鏡 (冷凍EM) を利用した.
- 栄養失調によるV-ATPase解離と自己抑制をSaccharomyces cerevisiaeで誘導した.
- 新しく特定されたサブユニット"f"を含む,VOサブユニットの原子モデルを構成した.
主要な成果:
- VOサブユニットac8c'c′′deと新しいサブユニットfの原子構造を明らかにした.
- サブユニット"a"と"cリング"の間の空洞によって形成された 陽子輸送のための細胞質半チャネルを特定した.
- 陽子媒介グルタミン酸残留物のC環における非対称的な分布と,サブユニットaとの相互作用が示された.
結論:
- 決定されたVO構造は,V-ATPasesの回転メカニズムに前例のない洞察を提供します.
- この発見は,ATP水解による回転と結合した連続的なプロトネーション/デプロトネーションメカニズムを示唆している.
- この研究により 生物の回転モーターにおける 陽子の転移に関する理解が進んでいます
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