初等医療における肥満のスクリーニングと短期的介入:並行して実施された2組のランダム化試験

Paul Aveyard¹, Amanda Lewis², Sarah Tearne¹

¹Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Radcliffe Observatory Quarter, Oxford, UK.

Lancet (London, England)

|October 30, 2016

まとめ

肥満に対する医師による短い介入は効果的です体重管理グループへの紹介は単純に助言するよりも体重を減らす効果が大きいのです

科学分野:

公衆衛生
臨床試験
行動医学

背景:

肥満は非伝染性疾患の重要な要因です
肥満に対する医師の介入は推奨されるが,めったに実施されない.
医師による減量介入の有効性に関する試験は限られている.

研究の目的:

肥満患者の体重減少のための医師による短い介入の可受け入れ性と有効性を評価する.
体重管理グループへの医師の紹介と単純な医師の助言を比較する

主な方法:

主治医と肥満患者が参加したランダム化試験です
参加者は体重管理グループへの紹介または単純なアドバイスを提供する 30秒間の介入にランダムに割り当てられました.
主なアウトカムは,盲目的に評価された12ヶ月の体重変化でした.

主要な成果:

医療従事者の指導による支援介入により,平均体重は2. 43kg減少し,助言による介入では1. 04kg減りました (調整した差は1. 43kg).
患者による介入の受け入れと,その有用性に対する認識は,グループによって有意に異なるものではありませんでした.
体重管理グループの出席率が低いにもかかわらず,介入により体重がより減少しました.

結論:

集団の平均体重を減らすために短期的な行動的な医師の介入は受け入れられ,効果的です.
医者が提供する機会主義的な介入は肥満の管理において価値あるツールとなり得ます
医療従事者の推薦を受けて,体重管理プログラムへの関与を改善するための戦略をさらに研究することができる.

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