マクロファージは非プロフェッショナルなファゴサイトスによってファゴサイトスを誘導し,炎症に影響する

Claudia Z Han^1,2, Ignacio J Juncadella¹, Jason M Kinchen¹

¹The Center for Cell Clearance, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22903, USA.

Nature

|November 8, 2016

まとめ

マクロファージはインスリン類似成長因子1 (IGF-1) とマイクロベシクルを使用して上皮細胞と通信し,粒子の吸収を変化させ,炎症を軽減します. この細胞間信号は組織炎症の管理に不可欠です

科学分野:

免疫学
細胞生物学
組織ホメオスタシス

背景:

プロフェッショナルなファゴサイト (マクロファージ) と非プロフェッショナルなファゴサイト (上皮細胞) は細胞の残骸を浄化する.
クリアランス中のこれらの細胞の相互作用とその炎症への影響は十分に理解されていません.

研究の目的:

細胞クリアランスの間にマクロファージと上皮細胞の通信を調査する.
このコミュニケーションが炎症反応にどう影響するかを調べるため

主な方法:

マクロファージによる溶性因子と微小胞子の放出を調査した.
非プロフェッショナルなファゴシート吸収と炎症反応に対するインスリン類似成長因子1 (IGF- 1) の影響を評価した.
呼吸道上皮細胞におけるIGF-1受容体の遺伝的消去を活用した.

主要な成果:

マクロファージはIGF-1とマイクロベシクルを放出し,非プロフェッショナルなファゴサイト粒子の吸収を変化させ,より大きなアポプトティック細胞よりもマイクロベシクルの吸収を好みます.
IGF-1は上皮細胞によるマイクロベシクル吸収を促進し,炎症反応を減少させます.
アレルゲン被曝後の肺炎を悪化させる.

結論:

マクロファージ由来のIGF-1とマイクロベシクルは,上皮細胞との細胞間通信を媒介する.
この伝達経路は組織炎症の大きさを in vivoで決定的に制御します

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