水平衡は,地球規模で土壌pHの値を作り出します
E W Slessarev1, Y Lin2, N L Bingham3
1Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Marine Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, California, USA.
Nature
|November 22, 2016
まとめ
降水量が蒸発を上回ると,地球全体の pH はアルカリ性から酸性へと急激に変化する. この気候に左右される値は 地球全体の土壌の肥沃性と 栄養素の利用可能性に 影響を及ぼします
科学分野:
- 環境科学
- 土壌科学
- エコロジー
背景:
- 土壌のpHは,栄養素の貯蔵,供給,そして陸上の生態系の生産性にとって極めて重要です.
- 土壌のpHは主に環境要因,特に水分バランスによって制御されます.
- 土壌のpH値の理解は,地形や鉱物学のようなスケールや混乱要因によって制限されていました.
研究 の 目的:
- 水平衡と土壌のpHの関係を全般的に定量化する.
- 土壌のpHがアルカリから酸性へと変化する臨界値を特定する.
- 地球全体の pH パターンから逸脱する要因を調査する.
主な方法:
- 60,291件の土壌pH測定のグローバルデータセットを利用した.
- 分析のために空間的にランダムに20,000の測定を抽出しました.
- 平均年間降水量と潜在的蒸発量と相関する土壌 pH.
主要な成果:
- アルカリから酸性土壌への突然の移行を特定した.
- この移行は,年平均の降水量が年平均の潜在的蒸発量を超えると起こります.
- 季節性,気候の歴史,浸食,鉱物学は グローバルなパターンからの偏差を説明します
結論:
- 気候は地球規模の土壌溶液化学の主要な原動力であり,非線形的なpHパターンを生み出します.
- この研究は,土壌のpHが現代の気候と平衡していないことを明らかにしています.
- この値の理解は 土壌の肥沃性や 気候変動に対する生態系の反応を予測するのに不可欠です
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