無脊椎動物のRNAウイルス圏の再定義
Mang Shi1,2, Xian-Dan Lin3, Jun-Hua Tian4
1State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changping, 100206 Beijing, China.
Nature
|November 24, 2016
まとめ
この研究は,無脊椎動物で1445のRNAウイルスを発見し,RNAウイルスの生物多様性と進化に関する理解を広げました. この発見は,重要なゲノム柔軟性を明らかにし,RNAウイルスの系統形成におけるギャップを埋める.
科学分野:
- ウイルス学
- 進化生物学
- 脊椎動物動物学
背景:
- RNAウイルスの生物多様性に関する現在の理解は限られており,主に培養可能または病原性ウイルスに焦点を当てています.
- このバイアスは,グローバルなウイルス圏とその進化史の断片的な見方に繋がります.
研究 の 目的:
- 多種多様な無脊椎動物のトランスクリプトームをプロファイルする.
- これらの無脊椎動物内の新しいRNAウイルスを発見し特徴づけること.
- RNAウイルスの系統形成とゲノム多様性に関する理解を広げる.
主な方法:
- 9つの動物系にわたる220種以上の無脊椎動物のトランスクリプトームシーケンス.
- RNAウイルスを特定し分類するためのバイオ情報分析.
- 進化の関係を理解するための 系統遺伝分析
主要な成果:
- 新しい家族を含む1445のRNAウイルスの発見.
- 既知のRNAウイルス系統の隙間を埋めるウイルスの特定.
- 頻度の高い再結合,横向的な遺伝子転送,無脊椎動物のウイルス内でのゲノム再編成の証拠.
結論:
- 無脊椎動物のウイルス群は 系統遺伝学的にまた 遺伝子学的に以前より多様である.
- RNAウイルスの進化はホストの切り替えと共分散によって形成されます.
- この研究は,ウイルスの生態学と進化に関する将来の研究のための基盤を提供します.
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