炭素-シリコン結合形成のためのシトクロームcの指向的な進化:シリコンを活性化する
S B Jennifer Kan1, Russell D Lewis1, Kai Chen1
1Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|November 26, 2016
まとめ
研究者はヘムタンパク質が 炭素-シリコン結合を作り 生物の触媒的能力を 拡張することを発見しました 有機シリコン化合物の 極めて効率的な生物触媒を生成した
科学分野:
- 生物触媒
- オルガノシリコン化学
- 酵素工学
背景:
- 自然には炭素-シリコン結合形成のための酵素がなく,有機シリコン化合物への生物学的アクセスを制限しています.
- オーガノシリコン分子は材料科学と医学で価値がありますが,その合成はしばしば厳しい化学方法に依存しています.
研究 の 目的:
- 炭素-シリコン結合形成を触媒にできる酵素を発見し,設計する.
- 生理学的条件下でエナチオピュアオルガノシリコン化合物を合成するための生物触媒経路を開発する.
主な方法:
- 炭素-シリコン結合形成活性に対するヘムタンパク質のスクリーニング
- シリコン-水素結合へのカルベンの挿入を含む反応機構の特徴.
- Rhodothermus marinusから生じるシトクロームcの触媒効率を高めるために,指向進化を用いる.
主要な成果:
- ヘムタンパク質は,カルベンの挿入によって,オルガノシリコン化合物の形成を触媒として作用することが判明した.
- 生物触媒反応では,基板の範囲が広く,化学的およびエナチオ選択性が高いことが示されました.
- 合成されたシトクロームCは 既存の合成カタリスタの 15倍以上の回転率を示した.
結論:
- 生物触媒は炭素-シリコン結合の形成に利用できます これは以前は自然界では知られていませんでした
- エンジニアリングされたヘムタンパク質は 価値あるオルガノシリコン分子を生産するための効率的で環境に優しい方法を提供します.
- この研究は,有機シリコン化学を生物システムに統合するための新しい道を開きます.
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