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軽度の喘息に対する吸入用コルチコステロイド治療の開始に関する勧告は,症状の頻度に基づいているか:START試験のポストホック有効性分析
Helen K Reddel1, William W Busse2, Søren Pedersen3
1Clinical Management Group, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Lancet (London, England)
|December 4, 2016
まとめ
症状の頻度に関係なく,低用量の吸入用コルチコステロイド (ICS) は,喘息の悪化と軽度の喘息の肺機能低下を効果的に軽減します. これらの発見は,週に2日以上発生する症状に対してのみICSを推奨する現在のガイドラインに異議を唱えます.
科学分野:
- 肺科
- 臨床薬理学
- 喘息に関する研究
背景:
- 現在のガイドラインでは,週に2日以上発症する喘息の症状に対して,吸入用コルチコステロイド (ICS) を推奨しているが,この値を支持する証拠は限られている.
- 低用量のICSは,喘息の悪化と死亡率を減らすのに有効です.
研究 の 目的:
- ICS治療の開始のための症状ベースのカットオフの有効性を評価する.
- 軽度の喘息におけるブデソニドに対する反応とプラセボに対する反応の違いを評価する.
主な方法:
- 定期的な治療として吸入ステロイド治療 (START) の3年間のポストホック分析
- ランダム化,ダブルブラインド,プラセボ対照試験 軽度の最近発症した喘息の患者
- 重症性喘息関連イベント (SARE),肺機能の変化,症状制御までの時間を調査し,症状の発症頻度との相互作用を分析した.
主要な成果:
- ブデソニドは,すべての症状頻度サブグループにおいて,SAREのリスクを大幅に低減し,肺機能の低下を遅らせ,症状のコントロールを向上させた (0-1,> 1~2,および> 2日/週).
- ブデソニドの有効性と初期症状の頻度との間に重要な相互作用は認められなかった.
- 症状の頻度に関係なく,ブデソニド治療で重症発症は減少し,肺機能の拡張前は上昇し,症状のない日は増加しました.
結論:
- 症状の頻度に関係なく,低用量のブデソニドは悪化を軽減し,肺機能を保ち,軽度の喘息の症状制御を改善します.
- 症状の頻度だけでICSを開始する現在の基準は,あまりにも制限的である可能性があることを示唆しています.
- 軽度の喘息の治療の推奨は,症状の負担と悪化のリスクを減らす可能性の両方を考慮する必要があります.
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