自閉症における lncRNA,スプライシング,および地域的な遺伝子発現パターンの全ゲノム変化
Neelroop N Parikshak1,2, Vivek Swarup1,2, T Grant Belgard1,2
1Center for Autism Research and Treatment and Program in Neurobehavioral Genetics, Semel Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA.
Nature
|December 6, 2016
まとめ
自閉症スペクトル障害 (ASD) の遺伝的要因は共通の経路に収束する. この研究では,非コーディングRNAの調節不全,スプライシングの変化,ASDの脳における地域的な遺伝子発現の違いの減少が明らかになりました.
科学分野:
- 神経科学
- 遺伝学
- 分子生物学
背景:
- 自閉症スペクトル障害 (ASD) には 重要な遺伝的基盤がありますが 基礎となる分子経路は不明です
- ASDにおける遺伝的異質性は 共通の生物学的メカニズムに収束する可能性があります
- これらの収束経路を理解することは 治療目標の特定に不可欠です
研究 の 目的:
- 大量の死後の脳サンプルコホートを使用して,非コーディングトランスクリプトーム,代替スプライシング,およびASDにおける分子調節物質を調査する.
- ASDの遺伝的原因を特定する
- ASDにおける年齢関連の分子変化と 地域の遺伝子発現パターンを調査する.
主な方法:
- 死後の脳サンプルを 全ゲノムトランスクリプトーム分析
- 長い非コーディングRNA (lncRNA) を含む非コーディングRNAの分析
- 脳の異なる領域の遺伝子発現の違いを研究する.
- 機能的モジュールと年齢関連の経路を特定するための共表現ネットワーク分析
主要な成果:
- ASDに関連した霊長類特異性 lncRNAs の調節不全
- ニューロン固有のエクソンの代替スプライシングのダウンレギュレーション.
- 前頭葉と側頭葉の間の正常な遺伝子発現の差異を弱め,SOX5を潜在的に関与させる.
- アイディオパシーASDおよび染色体15q11.2-13.1複製症候群 (dup15q) の共有トランスクリプトミカルシグネチャー.
- ASD患者におけるマイクログリアルおよびシナプス遺伝子発現経路の年齢関連の変化
結論:
- ASDの様々な遺伝的要因は 共通の分子経路に収束します
- 非コーディングRNA,スプライシング,および地域遺伝子の発現の変化はASDの病理生理学に貢献します.
- ASDの遺伝的リスクは,マイクログリアルおよびシナプス機能の発達経路に影響を与える可能性があります.
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