エピジェネティックなストレス反応は,Hoxa9の発達信号によって筋肉幹細胞の老化を誘発する
Simon Schwörer1, Friedrich Becker1, Christian Feller2
1Leibniz-Institute on Aging - Fritz Lipmann Institute (FLI), Beutenbergstrasse 11, 07745 Jena, Germany.
Nature
|December 6, 2016
まとめ
老化により 筋肉幹細胞の機能が 損なわれます 老化細胞における異常な Hoxa9 活性化は,再生を阻害する発達経路を駆動しますが,Hoxa9 を標的とすることは,機能を回復させることができます.
科学分野:
- エピジェネティクス
- 幹細胞生物学
- 老化に関する研究
背景:
- 年齢と共に幹細胞の機能が低下し 組織再生に影響します
- 発達経路の変化は,年齢に関係する幹細胞機能障害と関連しています.
- ホックス遺伝子の高齢化幹細胞における役割はほとんど不明である.
研究 の 目的:
- 老化する筋肉幹細胞 (衛星細胞) の表遺伝的ストレス反応を調査する.
- Hox遺伝子の役割,特に Hoxa9 が年齢に関係する幹細胞の減少を決定する.
- Hoxa9が衛星細胞機能と筋肉再生に影響を与えるメカニズムを特定する.
主な方法:
- 若いマウスと年老いたマウスの衛星細胞における表遺伝的ストレス反応の比較
- 活性化された衛星細胞におけるクロマチンマークとホックス遺伝子発現 (特にホックス9) の分析.
- 異なったクロマチンの活性化またはHoxA9の消去/過剰発現の抑制を含む介入研究.
- 介入に対するサテライト細胞機能と筋肉再生能力の評価
主要な成果:
- 年老いたマウスは活性化衛星細胞に 変異した表遺伝的ストレス反応を示し,活性クロマチンマークの異常誘導を示した.
- この変異は特に老いた衛星細胞で Hoxa9 の誘導につながるが,他の Hox 遺伝子は誘導されない.
- Hoxa9は,衛星細胞機能を抑制することが知られている複数の発達経路 (Wnt,TGFβ,JAK/ STAT,老化シグナル伝達) を活性化します.
- 老いたマウスの筋肉再生を改善した.
- Hoxa9を若い衛星細胞で過剰に発現させると,老化に関連した欠陥を模倣し,それは Hoxa9を標的とする経路を阻害することで逆転することができました.
結論:
- Hoxa9誘導によって特徴づけられる老化衛星細胞における表遺伝子ストレス反応は,筋肉幹細胞の機能と再生を制限する.
- Hoxa9は,老いた筋肉の衛星細胞活動を抑制する発達経路を再活性化する重要なメディエーターとして作用します.
- Hoxa9またはその下流経路を標的とした治療は,高齢者の筋肉再生を改善するための潜在的な治療戦略を提供します.
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