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関連する概念動画

Double Resonance Techniques: Overview01:12

Double Resonance Techniques: Overview

831
Double resonance techniques in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy involve the simultaneous application of two different frequencies or radiofrequency pulses to manipulate and observe two distinct nuclear spins. One important application of double resonance is spin decoupling, which selectively suppresses coupling with one type of nucleus while observing the NMR signal from another nucleus, simplifying the spectrum and enhancing resolution.
Spin decoupling is usually achieved by...
831
Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Relaxation Processes01:23

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Relaxation Processes

1.3K
In the absence of an external magnetic field, nuclear spin states are degenerate and randomly oriented. When a magnetic field is applied, the spins begin to precess and orient themselves along (lower energy) or against (higher energy) the direction of the field. At equilibrium, a slight excess population of spins exists in the lower energy state. Because the direction of the magnetic field is fixed as the z-axis,  the precessing magnetic moments are randomly oriented around the z-axis.
1.3K
Atomic Nuclei: Types of Nuclear Relaxation01:28

Atomic Nuclei: Types of Nuclear Relaxation

1.1K
Nuclear relaxation restores the equilibrium population imbalance and can occur via spin–lattice or spin–spin mechanisms, which are first-order exponential decay processes.
In spin–lattice or longitudinal relaxation, the excited spins exchange energy with the surrounding lattice as they return to the lower energy level. Among several mechanisms that contribute to spin–lattice relaxation, magnetic dipolar interactions are significant. Here, the excited nucleus transfers...
1.1K
Nuclear Overhauser Enhancement (NOE)01:06

Nuclear Overhauser Enhancement (NOE)

1.5K
Irradiation of a spin-active nucleus causes an increase or decrease in the signal intensity of neighboring nuclei that are not necessarily chemically bonded or involved in J-coupling. This phenomenon, called the nuclear Overhauser enhancement (NOE), results from through-space interactions between the nuclear spins. The NOE effect decreases with increasing internuclear distance and is generally not observed beyond 4 angstroms. In NOE, dipole-dipole interactions between neighboring spin-active...
1.5K
Insensitive Nuclei Enhanced by Polarization Transfer (INEPT)01:15

Insensitive Nuclei Enhanced by Polarization Transfer (INEPT)

1.1K
Insensitive Nuclei Enhanced by Polarization Transfer (INEPT) is an advanced Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) technique specifically designed to detect and enhance the signals of low-abundance nuclei, such as carbon-13 and nitrogen-15, in small molecules. The fundamental principle behind INEPT is the transfer of polarization from a more abundant and highly polarizable nucleus, typically hydrogen-1, to the low-abundance nucleus of interest. This process effectively boosts the NMR signal of the...
1.1K
2D NMR: Overview of Homonuclear Correlation Techniques01:16

2D NMR: Overview of Homonuclear Correlation Techniques

754
Homonuclear correlation spectroscopy (COSY) is a powerful technique used in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to study the correlations between nuclei of the same type within a molecule. It provides information about scalar couplings between adjacent nuclei, which helps determine connectivity and structural information. There are several COSY variants, each with its unique strengths and experimental parameters.
COSY90 is the standard two-dimensional (2D) COSY experiment that...
754

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Dissolution Dynamic Nuclear Polarization Instrumentation for Real-time Enzymatic Reaction Rate Measurements by NMR
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固体ダイナミック核極化による異質核のクロスリラクゼーション

Diane Daube1,2, Victoria Aladin1,2, Jörg Heiliger1,2

  • 1Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry and Institute of Biophysical Chemistry, Goethe University Frankfurt , Max-von-Laue-Str. 7-9, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|December 10, 2016
PubMed
まとめ

陽子 (H) から炭素 (C) への自発的偏振移を,動的核偏振 (DNP) を用いて 100 K で発見した.この方法はC NMR信号を強化し,分子研究における新しい応用を提供している.

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Hyperpolarized 13C Metabolic Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy and Imaging
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科学分野:

  • 固体核磁共振 (NMR) スペクトロシー
  • ダイナミックな核極化 (DNP)

背景:

  • ダイナミックな核極化 (DNP) は,電子スピンから核スピンへの極化移転により,NMR信号を強化します.
  • 超極化技術は,特に13Cのような低ガンマ核の感受性を改善するために不可欠です.

研究 の 目的:

  • マジック・アングル回転のDNPで超極化1Hから13Cへの自発的偏移を調査する.
  • この二極化移転のメカニズムとその潜在的な応用を解明する.

主な方法:

  • マジック・アングル・スピニング (MAS) 動的核極化 (DNP) 約100K
  • 超極化のためにマイクロ波照射と二酸化窒素の極化剤を使用します.
  • メチル群内のH−13C交叉リラクゼーションとC−13Cスピン拡散により,極化が広がる.

主要な成果:

  • 1Hから13Cへの自発的偏振移が観察され,振幅が向上した逆転した13C NMR信号が生じた.
  • 効果的13Cの強化因子が最大で−15に達した.
  • Gd (III) は,加速されたHのリラックスによって効果を拡大することが示された.
  • タンパク質とアミノ酸におけるDNP誘発のクロスリラクゼーションの強さを確認した.

結論:

  • メチルグループの方向転換ダイナミクスによって誘発されるH−13Cクロスリラクゼーションは,DNP条件下で自発的な偏移を媒介する.
  • このDNP強化のクロスリラクゼーションは,核オーバーハウザー効果 (NOE) を模倣するが,安定状態の強化のためにハイパーポラライゼーションを使用する.
  • この発見は,生物学的分子と材料の敏感なNMR研究における潜在的な応用を示唆する.