古い問題に対する新しい解決策: 代替されていないポリ・パラフェニレンの合成
Ali Abdulkarim1,2,3, Felix Hinkel2,4, Daniel Jänsch1,2
1InnovationLab , Speyererstr. 4, 69115 Heidelberg, Germany.
Journal of the American Chemical Society
|December 10, 2016
まとめ
研究者らは,重要な有機半導体である純ポリフェニレン (PPP) を合成する新しい方法を開発しました. この突破は,高度な電子アプリケーションのための高品質の光PPPフィルムの作成を可能にします.
科学分野:
- ポリマー化学
- オーガニック電子
- 材料科学
背景:
- ポリパラフェニレン (PPP) は,有機電子のための重要な結合ポリマーです.
- 代用されていない高分子量PPPを合成することは大きな課題でした.
- 既存の方法では 純粋なPPPを 生み出すことができなかったのです
研究 の 目的:
- 代替されていない,明確に定義されたポリ・パラフェニレンのための信頼性の高い合成経路を開発する.
- 高品質の薄膜にPPPの加工を可能にします.
- 構造と長さを制御した高光PPPを実現する.
主な方法:
- 歪んだ1,4-ジメトキシサイクロヘクサディエニレンモノマーのスズキポリメリゼーションを含む多用途の前駆体経路.
- 溶解性前体ポリマーをスピンコーティングでナノメートルの厚さのフィルムに加工する.
- 添加物のない熱処理で,アロマティゼーションを誘導し,最終的なPPPを形成します.
主要な成果:
- 溶解性の高い 非芳香性前駆体ポリマーを 合成しました
- パラコネクテッド,高光PPPフィルムのみを生産しています.
- 約75フェニレンユニットの平均長さのPPPチェーンを達成した.
結論:
- 開発された前駆体経路は,非置換PPPの以前の合成制限を克服します.
- この方法により,加工可能な高品質のPPPフィルムを作成できます.
- その結果得られるPPPは,有機半導体用途に適した優れた光と構造的定義を示します.
関連する概念動画
Characteristics and Nomenclature of Homopolymers
4.2K
Polymers that are made up of identical monomer units are called homopolymers. Only one repeating unit is involved in the construction of the homopolymer structure. For example, as depicted in Figure 1, polypropylene is a homopolymer constituted of propylene monomers. Here, the only repeating unit in the polymer chain is propylene.
4.2K
Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization (ROMP)
3.3K
Ring-opening metathesis polymerization or ROMP involves strained cycloalkenes as starting materials. The mechanism of ROMP proceeds by reacting cycloalkene with Grubbs catalyst to give metallacyclobutane intermediate which undergoes a ring-opening reaction to form new carbene. The new carbene reacts with another molecule of cycloalkene. Repetition of these steps leads to the formation of an unsaturated open-chain polymer product. All these steps are reversible, however, relieving the ring...
3.3K
Polymer Classification: Stereospecificity
3.4K
Polymerization generates chiral centers along the entire backbone of a polymer chain. Accordingly, the stereochemistry of the substituent group has a significant effect on polymer properties. Polymers formed from monosubstituted alkene monomers feature chiral carbons at every alternate position in the polymer backbone. Relative to the predominant orientation of substituents at the adjacent chiral carbons, the polymer can exist in three different configurations: isotactic, syndiotactic, and...
3.4K
Nomenclature of Aromatic Compounds with a Single Substituent
10.9K
Benzene is the simplest aromatic hydrocarbon or arene. The IUPAC names for simple monosubstituted benzene derivatives are derived by adding the substituent's name as a prefix to the parent benzene. For example, halobenzene, where the halogen could be fluoro (F), chloro (Cl), bromo (Br), and iodo (I).
10.9K
Nomenclature of Aromatic Compounds with Multiple Substituents
11.1K
When more than one substituent is present on the benzene ring, the IUPAC nomenclature depends on the number of substituents present.
For disubstituted benzene derivatives, with two groups attached to the benzene ring, three constitutional isomers are possible. For example, consider dimethyl benzene, often called xylene, where the second methyl group can be substituted at the second, third, or fourth carbon. The relative position of the substituents is represented by prefixes ortho, meta, or...
For disubstituted benzene derivatives, with two groups attached to the benzene ring, three constitutional isomers are possible. For example, consider dimethyl benzene, often called xylene, where the second methyl group can be substituted at the second, third, or fourth carbon. The relative position of the substituents is represented by prefixes ortho, meta, or...
11.1K
Hydrolysis of Chlorobenzene to Phenol: Dow Process
4.2K
Simple aryl halides do not react with nucleophiles under normal conditions. However, the reaction can proceed under drastic conditions involving high temperatures and high pressure to give the substituted products. For example, chlorobenzene is converted to phenol using aqueous sodium hydroxide at 350 °C under high pressure by the Dow process. The reaction follows an elimination-addition mechanism involving a benzyne intermediate. Here, the chloride ion is...
4.2K


